Naslov
Clinical aspects of head and neck cancers

Autori
Prgomet, Drago

Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Sažeci sa skupova, sažetak, znanstveni

Izvornik
Programme and Abstract Book of the International Symposium on Epigenetic Changes in Head and Neck Cancer / Grce, M - , 2018, 5-6

Skup
International Symposium on Epigenetic Changes in Head and Neck Cancer

Mjesto i datum
Zagreb, Hrvatska, 27.04.2018

Vrsta sudjelovanja
Pozvano predavanje

Vrsta recenzije
Nije recenziran

Ključne riječi
Head and Neck Cancer ; Epidemiology ; Pathology

Sažetak
Head and neck cancers (HNC) represent an extremely heterogeneous, relatively rare group of tumors, with complex anatomical and functional relation with the structures from which they arise. Regardless of the impressive progress of diagnostic procedures, HNC is often diagnosed in the late stage, and the presence of locally advanced disease in a significant number of patients implies the use of aggressive treatments to ensure local disease control and reduce the risk of metastatic disease spreading. It is the sixth most common malignancy worldwide, accounting for approximately 6% of all cancer cases and is responsible for an estimated 1%–2% of all cancer deaths. Oral cavity and laryngeal cancers are the most common HNCs globally (age- adjusted standardised incidence rate 3.9 and 2.3 per 100, 000, respectively). Worldwide, HNC accounts for more than 550, 000 cases and 380, 000 deaths annually. In Europe, there were approximately 250, 000 cases (an estimated 4% of the cancer incidence) and 63, 500 deaths in 2012. Men are affected significantly more than women, with a ratio ranging from 2:1 to 4:1. The primary causes of HNC are tobacco and alcohol use, and human papillomavirus (HPV). Survival in HNC is predicted primarily by anatomical site, stage and HPV status, with other pathological and clinical factors influencing prognosis to a lesser degree. Although eliminating the cancer is the primary goal of treatment, preserving the function of the nearby nerves, organs, and tissues is also very important. The treatment plan for an individual patient depends on a number of factors, including the exact tumor location, the cancer stage, and the person’s age and general health. Treatment for HNC can include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, or a combination of treatments. In the recent EUROCARE population- based study, 5-year relative survival was the poorest for hypopharyngeal cancer (25%) and the highest for laryngeal cancer (59%). The survival improvement is the highest for tonsillar cancer (39.7% to 69.8%). This trend is attributed to HPV- positive tumour status, which is a strong predictor for survival.

Izvorni jezik
Engleski

Znanstvena područja
Kliničke medicinske znanosti

POVEZANOST RADA