Naslov
Influence of different clay minerals on the microbiome of soils and its functionality in simplified artificial systems

Autori
Tanuwidjaja, Irina ; Schulz, Stefanie ; Pronk, Geertje J. ; Vogel, Cordula ; Kögel-Knabner, Ingrid ; Schloter, Michael

Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Sažeci sa skupova, sažetak, znanstveni

Izvornik
Ecology of Soil Microorganisms – Book of Abstracts / Brabcová, V. ; Kyselková, M. ; Navrátilová, D. ; Pospíšek, M. ; Baldrian, P. - Prag, 2015, 161-161

Skup
2nd conference on the Ecology of Soil Microorganisms

Mjesto i datum
Prag, Češka Republika, 29.11.2015. - 03.12.2015

Vrsta sudjelovanja
Poster

Vrsta recenzije
Međunarodna recenzija

Ključne riječi
Biogeochemical interfaces ; artificial soils ; soil microbiome ; EPS

Sažetak
The multitude of microhabitats and biogeochemical interfaces (BGIs) makes soil one of the most heterogeneous and complex ecosystems that microorganisms can inhabit. The formation of BGIs depends on the soils mineral composition, which in turn strongly influences the development of microbial communities and their functional traits. In this study we used two artificial soils that consisted of sand and silt-sized quartz and varied in clay minerals with different swelling potential (montmorillonite and illite) to study the development of a stable soil microbiome and to investigate its functional traits. Both artificial soils were inoculated with microorganisms from agricultural soil and sterile manure as nutrient source at the beginning and after 562 days. The mixtures were incubated under controlled laboratory conditions for 842 days. After this period, total community DNA from three replicates per composition was extracted and used directly for the construction of metagenomic libraries. Paired-end shotgun sequencing was performed using the MiSeq Illumina platform. The majority of assigned reads were related to Bacteria (93.7%) ; 2.1% to Archea and 4.2% to Eukaryota. Principal component analysis revealed a clear clustering of different soils. Diversity analysis based on Shannon's index implies more stable community in montmorillonite compared to illite. While dominant phyla, including Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria are comparable, significant differences were detected among less abundant taxa - Caldeserica, Chlorobi and Gemmatimonadetes, indicating the importance of the rare microbial biosphere for the unique functional response pattern of soils differing in the soil structure and texture. As the aggregate formation is of high importance during initial soil formation, we studied in detail the role of the soil microbiome for the production of EPS, which acts as glue and is thought to promote the aggregation. We used Hidden Markov models to identify key players that drive the production of EPS during soil development. We could detect significantly higher abundance of glycosyltransferase WcaA and WcaC, enzymes involved in colonic acid biosynthesis and components of PEP-CTERM/EpsH, exopolysaccharide-associated protein sorting system in illite. Immaturity of the illite ecosystem and ongoing soil formation may explain the higher abundance of EPS pathways when compared to montmorillonite.

Izvorni jezik
Engleski

Znanstvena područja
Poljoprivreda (agronomija), Biotehnologija

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