Naslov
Sprague-Dawley rat (Rattus norvegicus) and European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) as models for pathology of third stage Anisakis spp. larvae

Autori
Hrabar, Jerko ; Bočina, Ivana ; Vrbatović, Anamarija ; Bušelić, Ivana ; Trumbić, Željka ; Mladineo, Ivona

Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Sažeci sa skupova, sažetak, znanstveni

Izvornik
Book of Abstracts of 13th Multinational Congress on Microscopy / Gajović, Andreja ; Weber, Igor ; Kovačević, Goran ; Čadež, Vida ; Šegota, Suzana ; Vidoš, Ana - : Institut Ruđer Bošković ; Hrvatsko mikroskopijsko društvo, 2017, 96-97

Skup
13th Multination Congress on Microscopy

Mjesto i datum
Rovinj, Hrvatska, 24.09.2017. - 29.09.2017

Vrsta sudjelovanja
Predavanje

Vrsta recenzije
Međunarodna recenzija

Ključne riječi
Anisakis ; Rattus norvegicus ; Dicentrarchus labrax ; experimental infection ; pathology

Sažetak
Consumption of raw or undercooked sea food infected with live third stage larvae (L3) of the nematode Anisakis spp. can lead to a zoonotic disease termed anisakiasis or anisakidosis. Although symptoms can vary greatly, in severe cases of disease perforation of gastric or intestinal wall, due to migration of the larva, occurs. Histopathologic changes in such cases typically exhibit severe eosinophilia and formation of eosinophilic granulomas as hallmarks of gastro-intestinal anisakiasis in humans. The aim of this study was to compare two host models experimentally infected with Anisakis larvae, namely Sprague-Dawley rat (Rattus norvegicus) as a model for human infection, and European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) as a model paratenic host. Rats (n=15) and European sea bass (n=24) were each experimentally infected with 10 live third stage Anisakis larvae by oro-gastric intubation. At predefined time points, animals were euthanized with an overdose of anaesthetic, dissected and inspected for migrating larvae. Tissues with embedded migrating larva and lesions caused by its migration were sampled and routinely processed for classical histopathological analysis and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In rats, larvae were mostly found penetrating gastric wall. Only rarely, larval migration through other tissues, i.e. intestinal wall, abdominal musculature or subcutaneous fat tissue, occurred. Histopathological analysis showed deep ulcerations of glandular epithelium in gastro-intestinal wall accompanied by tissue necrosis at the site of larval penetration. In lamina propria mucosae severe haemorrhages with extensive neutrophil and eosinophil infiltration were present. Affected muscles were infiltrated with neutrophils and eosinophils, some of which showed degranulation as revealed by TEM. Moreover, necrosis and structural disintegration of muscle fibres was observed. In European sea bass, Anisakis larvae were found penetrating either gastric or intestinal wall in a few animals only, indicating successful expulsion of parasites by host’s peristaltic. Larval migration through gastro-intestinal wall caused ulcerations and necrosis of glandular epithelium. Lamina propria mucosae was moderately infiltrated with mast cells that tended to accumulate around larvae themselves. Due to acute infection only, wounds caused by larva migrans healed rapidly and without proliferation of connective tissue. These findings demonstrate that rats, identical to humans as both being accidental and naïve hosts, exhibit strong innate immune response to an unknown pathogen, such as Anisakis. In contrast, fish as an evolutionary long-lasting paratenic host shows considerably milder immune response to Anisakis parasite together with rapid wound healing processes.

Izvorni jezik
Engleski

Znanstvena područja
Biologija, Veterinarska medicina, Biotehnologija

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