Naslov
Cd and Zn concentration in ear-leaves of three maize genotypes grown on Cd contaminated soil and challenged by water withholding during flowering

Autori
Mario Franić ; Vlatko Galić ; Domagoj Šimić

Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Radovi u zbornicima skupova, cjeloviti rad (in extenso), znanstveni

Izvornik
XVIII International Plant Nutrition Colloquium 21 - 24 August & Satellite Meetings 19 - 20 August 2017 Copenhagen – Denmark - Proceedings book / Andreas Carstensen ; Kristian Holst Laursen ; Jan Kofod Schjørring - Kopenhagen : University of Copenhagen, 2017, 637-638

ISBN
978-87-996274-0-0

Skup
XVIII International Plant Nutrition Colloquium

Mjesto i datum
Kopenhagen, Danska, 21.08.2017. - 24.08.2017

Vrsta sudjelovanja
Poster

Vrsta recenzije
Međunarodna recenzija

Ključne riječi
maize ; cadmium ; zinc ; heavy metal toxicity

Sažetak
Cd and Zn concentration in ear-leaves of three maize genotypes grown on Cd contaminated soil and challenged by water withholding during flowering Mario Franić, Vlatko Galić, Domagoj Šimić 1Agricultural institute Osijek, Juzno predgrade 17, Osijek, 31000, CROATIA (mario.franic@poljinos.hr- vlatko.galic@poljinos.hr- domagoj.simic@poljinos.hr) INTRODUCTION Heavy metals are a global problem in agriculture affecting not only crop plants but indirectly also animals and humans. The cause of Cd toxicity could originate from its similarity to zinc (Zn) which is an essential metal to biological systems (Aravind and Prasad 2003). Cd accumulation is largely affected by genotype (Tudoreanu and Phillips 2004). Maize (Zea mays L.) is a major crop and it would be a great benefit to develop genotypes with low Cd accumulation or genotypes with high Cd accumulation for phytoremediation. Objective of this study was to investigate the effect of water withholding during flowering on Cd and Zn concentrations in ear-leaf on Cd contaminated soil. METHODS Seeds of three maize genotypes (two inbred lines B84, Os6-2 and their hybrid) were planted in 20 L pots, 10 pots per treatment, two seeds per pot. Seeds were planted in the first week of May 2014 and 2015. Uncontaminated soil was used for the control treatment (approximately 0.2 mg Cd/ kg soil). For the increased Cd level treatment soil was contaminated with cadmium- chloride (CdCl2) up to 5 mg Cd/kg soil by spraying prepared solution (4.08 g CdCl2 dissolved in 5 L of deionized water) onto a thin layer of prepared soil (10 mL of solution per kilogram of soil). Plants were watered daily starting from 200 mL, increasing the amount as plants grew. At the start of tasseling, half of the pots (5) from each treatment were subjected to 7 day water withholding after which ear-leaves were collected for evaluating Cd and Zn concentration by ICP-OES analysis. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Analysis of variance revealed significant effect of Cd treatment (P < 0.001), genotype (P < 0.001) and year (P < 0.001) on Cd concentration in ear-leaves, while drought treatment had no significant effects on Cd concentration according to F-test (Table 1). Cd treatment×genotype, genotype×year and Cd treatment×genotype×year interactions were also highly significant (P < 0.001) (not shown). There were significant effects of Cd treatment (P < 0.01) and year (P < 0.001) for Zn concentration in ear-leaves, while genotype and water regime had no significant effects (Table 1). The interactions for Zn concentrations were not significant (not shown). Cd concentration in ear-leaves of maize plants varied substantially: inbred line B84 accumulated small amounts of Cd in control. Inbred line Os6-2 accumulated highest amount of Cd in control while their hybrid had intermediate concentration values. In Cd treated soil inbred B84 accumulated the lowest amount of Cd, inbred line Os6-2 accumulated the highest amount and the hybrid was again in- between (Fig. 1). Inbred B84 accumulated low amounts of Cd even in Cd treated soil, so it could be considered Cd low accumulating, while inbred line Os6-2 accumulated large amounts of Cd especially in Cd treated soil so it could be considered as Cd high accumulating. Although there was no significant effect of water withholding according to F-test in ANOVA, the line Os6-2 had significantly lower Cd concentrations under water limited conditions in 2014 (Fig.1. A). Zn concentration in ear-leaves varied greatly between years, but it seems that inbred line B84 and hybrid accumulated higher amounts of Zn in Cd and water limited treatment whereas inbred line Os6-2 did not (Fig. 1. C, D). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that different maize genotypes accumulated varying amounts of Cd under the same treatments. The differences among genotypes were further increased by elevated Cd concentration in soil. Water withholding during flowering had generally no effect on Cd concentrations in ear- leaf. Cd also seems to affect Zn uptake by maize plants. Increasing the concentration of Cd in soil resulted in divergence of maize genotypes into low (B84), high (Os6-2) and moderate accumulating (their hybrid). ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This research was funded by the Croatian Science Foundation (the project no. 5707: „Genetics and physiology of multiple stress tolerance in maize“). REFERENCES Aravind P, Prasad M N V 2003 Zn alleviates Cd induced toxicity in Ceratophyllum demersum, a fresh water macrophyte. Plant Physiol Biochem 41: 391–397 Tudoreanu L and Phillips C J C 2002 Empirical models of cadmium accumulationin maize, rye grass and soya bean plants. J Sci Food Agric 84: 845 – 852

Izvorni jezik
Engleski

Znanstvena područja
Biologija, Poljoprivreda (agronomija)

POVEZANOST RADA