Naslov
Contribution of plant breeding in mitigating climate change

Autori
Tucak, Marijana ; Jug, Danijel ; Jug, Irena ; Čupić, Tihomir ; Popović, Svetislav

Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Sažeci sa skupova, sažetak, znanstveni

Izvornik
Abstract book 2nd PannEx Workshop on the climate system of the Pannonian basin / Bíróné Kircsi, Andrea ; Lakatos, Mónika ; Güttler, Ivan - Budimpešta : Hungarian Meteorological Service, 2016, 65-65

ISBN
978-963-9931-11-4

Skup
Second PannEx Workshop on the climate system of the Pannonian basin

Mjesto i datum
Budimpešta, Mađarska, 01.06.2016. - 03.06.2016

Vrsta sudjelovanja
Poster

Vrsta recenzije
Međunarodna recenzija

Ključne riječi
climate changes ; agriculture ; plant breeding

Sažetak
Today, the huge global problem is climate changes which can have serious environmental, social, economic and political consequences for humanity. One of the biggest challenges is how to find proper measures for adaptation and mitigation of the effects of climate change. Agricultural production is the sector most vulnerable to climate changes and biodiversity due to direct dependence on the weather conditions. Agriculture is at the same time the cause of climate changes and the most sensitive sector according to the numerous predictions which will suffer the worst damage from the effects of climate changes. Therefore, in all aspects of agricultural production numerous activities are undertaken in order to mitigate the negative impacts of climate change on the production of plant crops. The concept of agricultural production adapted to climate change should be developed. One of the most negative consequences of climatic conditions on crop production, primarily caused by prolonged periods of drought, in the Pannonian agro- ecological area are low yields, high production costs and loss of biodiversity. Therefore, nowadays is one of the biggest challenges for plant breeders how to create new varieties/hybrids that will ensure stable and high yields with good quality in different environmental conditions and how to preserve and use autochthonous genetic resources that are closely linked with adaptability to abiotic stresses. In breeding programs of agricultural plants numerous studies have been focused on the development of new varieties/hybrids tolerant to various environmental stresses (drought, low temperature, salinity and acidity of the soil, etc.) using classical and modern biotechnological methods (identification of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with tolerance to various environmental stresses, marker assisted selection (MAS), the collection and characterization of autochthonous genetic resources (local populations, ecotypes, landraces, wild relatives, genetically variable plant germplasm), the development of varieties/hybrids with earlier flowering, the study of the physiological mechanisms of plant to stress in order to increases their nitrogen and water use efficiency (WUE, NUE), creating varieties/hybrids tolerant to lower concentration of N-nutrients in the soil. Continuous implementation of field testing of the most important agronomic traits of crops (yield and quality) in a series of comparative experiments on a number of locations along with the continuous monitoring of climatic conditions is an essential activity of plant breeding programs. Plant breeding plays an important and irreplaceable role in mitigating of the effects of climate changes and is one of the key scientific disciplines for coping with the new climatic challenges.

Izvorni jezik
Engleski

Znanstvena područja
Poljoprivreda (agronomija)

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