Naslov
GIS modelling localities for the restoration of traditional Mediterranean island crops - island of Hvar, Croatia

Autori
Morić Španić, Antonio ; Fuerst-Bjeliš, Borna ; Durbešić, Anamarija

Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Sažeci sa skupova, sažetak, znanstveni

Izvornik
XI Jornadas Internacionais: Grandes Problematicas do Espaco Europeu/ Programa e Resumos / - Porto : Universidade do Porto, 2016, 27-28

Skup
XI Jornadas Internacionais: Grandes Problematicas do Espaco Europeu

Mjesto i datum
Porto, Portugal, 27.05.2016. - 28.05.2016

Vrsta sudjelovanja
Predavanje

Vrsta recenzije
Međunarodna recenzija

Ključne riječi
GIS ; island of Hvar ; lavender ; Mediterranean landscape ; organic agriculture

Sažetak
The rural Mediterranean landscape of the mid- 20th century marked a very high degree of vulnerability. The exceptionally strong emigration processes together with the intensive development of tourism activities in early 70's of the 20th century resulted in deagrarization and a drastic change in the perspective of the island landscape. Vineyards and olive trees on the Mediterranean islands have been reduced several times compared to their surface in the early 20th century. In comparison with Greek, Italian and Spanish islands where the production of traditional crops mainly marks vital market trends and is complementary to the local tourist industry, the agricultural production of the Mediterranean island area of the Republic of Croatia is far behind. The research was conducted on the island of Hvar, situated in the archipelago of the eastern Adriatic, being the representative of an island with these processes. One of the main goals of the research was to examine the possibility of the restoration and revitalization of the former agricultural area of the island, and the modelling of localities for the restoration of traditional island crops, especially vines, olive trees and lavender. Applying the Geographic Information System (GIS) as the most systematic methodological tools for spatial analysis, landscapes types of the island of Hvar were identified for two comparative periods, 1975 and 2011, and basic processes and landscape change trends were determined. The most prevalent type of landscape of the island of Hvar in 2011 was the degraded Mediterranean forest (maquis), which covered 38% of the island, that makes ⅔ more than in 1975. At the same time, the largest relative decrease was recorded by forests of Dalmatian black pine (Pinus nigra), by ⅔, while the area of the Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis Mill.) was reduced by more than ⅓. The agricultural land on the island also decreased by almost ⅓. Cultivation of vines and lavender, the traditional crops of the island, was most greatly reduced. The research showed that the largest area of the island (47%) did not have a change in the type of the landscape in relation to the initial period, but it is of great concern that the second most represented trend is degradation, which is registered in more than one fifth of the area, while the main cause is of anthropogenic nature (fires). A slightly smaller area of the island is marked by another negative spatial trend - extensification, or the expanding of degraded forms of coniferous forest (maquis and garrigue) to the so-called '' non-forest '' types of landscapes, mostly in former agricultural areas. The most important of the island's crops - vines, olive trees and lavender throughout history have had a fundamental role in the economic development of the island and with the development of the tourist industry of the 70's of the 20th century, their production declined intensively. Compared to other central islands of the eastern Adriatic, intensive decline of agricultural activities in the 20th century on the island of Hvar was slowed down by the cultivation of the area of former vineyards with lavender. The proposal of restoration and revitalization of the agricultural zones of the island, which is to be developed in the context of the national project ''Croatian island product '' is based on a comparative analysis of the arable area in 1975 with today's agricultural zones of the island as well as on a correlation analysis of physical-geographic factors (soil base, slope and terrain exposition) and selected indigenous crops. Analysis generated a spatial model of the best locations for growing selected crops in the context of the re- activation of the once cultivated agricultural zone of the island. Part of the agricultural areas in 1975 with the “extensification” trend represents the ''frozen'' agricultural capital of the island, which can be reactivated in a relatively short period of time. The analysis covered grapevines of the sorts faros, drnekuša, bogdanuša and prč, lavender and olive variety oblica. Future management of the island's area would have to be developed through the interdependence of sustainable tourism and environmentally-oriented agricultural production, as two fundamental spatial resources of the island of Hvar.

Izvorni jezik
Engleski

Znanstvena područja
Geografija

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