Naslov
Pesticide residues in earthworms collected from different cropping systems in Croatia

Autori
Viric Gasparic, Helena ; Lemic, Darija ; Drmic, Zrinka ; Cacija, Maja ; Bažok, Renata

Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Sažeci sa skupova, sažetak, znanstveni

Izvornik
IOBC/WPRS Working Group "Pesticides and Beneficial Organisms" / Broufas, G. ; Jansen, J-P. - Chania : IOBC/WPRS, 2016

Skup
IOBC/WPRS Working Group "Pesticides and Beneficial Organisms"

Mjesto i datum
Khania, Grčka, 11.10.2016. - 13.10.2016

Vrsta sudjelovanja
Predavanje

Vrsta recenzije
Međunarodna recenzija

Ključne riječi
earthworms ; residues ; neonicotinoides

Sažetak
Of all soil organisms earthworms are the most abundant representing approximately 60% of the total animal biomass in soil. They strongly influence degradation of organic matter, soil structure and microbial community. Their role in aeration, water infiltration and mixture of soil horizons has great ecological importance. Therefore they are often used as indicator species for soil pollution, ecological risks assessment and environmental impacts of cropping systems. The active period for earthworms is considered to be spring and autumn. Low temperatures cause hibernation, while too high temperatures lead to diapause or reduction of activity. The earthworm species richness can be linked to vegetation of the area. Intensive agriculture with high input of pesticides and fertilizers poses a risk for beneficial organisms causing a loss of biodiversity. In cultivated fields earthworms are exposed to frequent and different pesticide applications. Insecticides and fungicides appear to be the most toxic chemicals affecting survival and reproduction, although the herbicides are well represented in toxic chemicals as well. Previous studies focus mainly on the effect of three insecticides substances (cypermethrin, chlorpyrifos, dimethoate), two fungicides (carbendazim, mancozeb) and one herbicide (glyphosate) or metal compounds residues in earthworms. Majority of studies are conducted under laboratory-controlled conditions based on short- term experiments and standardized laboratory procedures that are not able to predict the real field effects of pesticides. Therefore the aim of this research was to determine the pesticide residues in earthworms collected in open field conditions and correlate the finding with soil characteristic, agronomic practices, crop rotation, pesticides applied and continuous duration of exposure to different pesticides. Samples were collected from two different counties in Croatia. Location Lukač represents the area where conservation tillage with less frequent pesticide use is applied. Soils in Lukač contain a great amount of fine sand and coarse silt. Location Tovarnik represents the area of intensive agriculture with very high application of pesticides, while soils contain a great amount of humus. Samples were collected from 4 different arable fields per location in autumn 2015, spring 2016 and autumn 2016 according to the ISO/TC 190/SC 4/WG 2 N0222 methodology. Earthworm samples were analyzed for residues on more than 300 different pesticides using LC-MS/MS and SPE-QuEChERS method (EN 15662:2008). Preliminary results showed 18 different pesticide residues present in earthworm samples including 7 fungicides, 6 herbicides and 5 insecticides. More pesticides with higher concentrations were identified in Tovarnik. Since the effect of mixtures of pesticides are insufficiently studied final results will determine the pesticide concentration in earthworms accumulated during the two vegetation seasons from different arable systems in Croatia.

Izvorni jezik
Engleski

Znanstvena područja
Poljoprivreda (agronomija)

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