Naslov
Toxicity of ochratoxin A when combined with other mycotoxins

Autori
Peraica, Maja ; Rašić, Dubravka ; Šegvić Klarić, Maja

Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Sažeci sa skupova, sažetak, znanstveni

Izvornik
Power of Fungi and Mycotoxins in Health and Disease / Šegvić Klarić, Maja ; Jelić, Dubravko - Zagreb : Hrvatsko mikrobiološko društvo, 2015

ISBN
978-953-7778-11-8

Skup
Power of Fungi and Mycotoxins in Health and Disease

Mjesto i datum
Šibenik, Hrvatska, 20.09.2015. - 23.09.2015

Vrsta sudjelovanja
Pozvano predavanje

Vrsta recenzije
Nije recenziran

Ključne riječi
Ochratoxin A; citrinin; fumonisins; aflatoxin; Aspergillus

Sažetak
Ochratoxin A (OTA) is nephrotoxic, hepatotoxic and carcinogen mycotoxin with relatively low acute toxicity. In food it appears in all climatic zones very often together with other mycotoxins such as fumonisin B1 (FB1), zearalenone, aflatoxins (AFs) and citrinin (CTN). Because of very long half-life OTA in organism of mammals the other mycotoxins even with much shorter halflife may affect its toxicity. It is hard to predict the toxic interactions of mycotoxins based on the toxic effect of a single mycotoxin. The exposure of kidney cells to OTA and primarily hepatotoxic AFs causes decreased cell viability, increased DNA fragmentation, p53 activation and decreased expression of antiapoptotic factor bcl-2. These two mycotoxins caused increased toxicity in chicks. The weight loss, increased mortality, decrease in egg production, abnormalities in chicken embryos, atrophy of lymphoid organs was in contrast to biochemical parameters (cholesterol, albumin, total proteins, creatinine, uric acid and blood urea nitrogen) which were less affected than in animals treated with AFs alone. Synergism in the increase of mortality was noticed in chicken and mice treated with OTA and patulin (PA). Experimental nephropathy in chicken and pigs very similar to spontaneous cases of nephropathy in Bulgaria was induced by low doses of these mycotoxins. In mononuclear cells of human peripheral blood no synergistic effect was noticed. The combined effects of OTA and FB1 caused the additive or synergistic toxic interactions in vitro and in vivo. Although it was found on rats that these two mycotoxins have additive effects on oxidative stress, in another studies on turkey poults, rabbits and rats the type of interaction depended significantly on the applied dose. Simultaneous exposure of cells and treatment with OTA and CTN resulted in antagonistic, additive and synergistic effects. In PK-15 cells synergism in apoptotic effect was dose- and timedependent, increase of nuclear buds was additive while increase of the micronucleus rate was antagonistic. These mycotoxins in rat kidney and liver cause significant increase of malondialdehyde and glutathione concentrations, as well as oxidative DNA damage. Most studies on OTA combined with other mycotoxins were performed on cell cultures aimed to resolve the problem of the mechanism of combined toxicity. Studies of metabolism and toxicokinetics of single mycotoxin (when combined with another) are lacking.

Izvorni jezik
Engleski

Znanstvena područja
Javno zdravstvo i zdravstvena zaštita

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