Naslov
Canine leptospirosis in Croatia – epizootiological and clinical features

Autori
Habuš, Josipa ; Štritof, Zrinka ; Mojčec, Vesna ; Milas, Zoran ; Perharić, Matko ; Martinković, Krešimir ; Starešina, Vilim ; Barbić, Ljubo ; Stevanović, Vladimir ; Hađina, Suzana ; Turk Nenad

Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Sažeci sa skupova, sažetak, znanstveni

Izvornik
Program 2nd ELS meeting on leptospirosis and other rodent borne haemorrhagic fevers / - Amsterdam, 2015, 39-39

Skup
2nd ELS meeting on leptospirosis and other rodent borne haemorrhagic fevers

Mjesto i datum
Amsterdam, Nizozemska, 16.04.2015. - 18.04.2015

Vrsta sudjelovanja
Predavanje

Vrsta recenzije
Međunarodna recenzija

Ključne riječi
canine leptospirosis ; clinics ; epizootiology

Sažetak
Leptospirosis is a well-known zoonotic infection with worldwide distribution. Due to the increased incidence and number of outbreaks recorded during the past few years leptospirosis is classified as a (re)emerging zoonosis that presents a significant problem both in human and in veterinary public health. Additional concerns in veterinary medicine have been raised after recent reports from mainland Europe that indicated an altered epizootiological situation of canine leptospirosis. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of canine leptospirosis, prevalence of the presumed infective serovars and to analyse main epidemiological and clinical features among clinically ill dogs in Croatia. A retrospective analysis of archive data obtained from NR Laboratory for leptospires and Clinic for infectious diseases was conducted. During a period of four years (January 2010 to October 2014), 311 canine sera were submitted to the Laboratory for leptospires, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb. Using a microscopic agglutination test (MAT) with cut-off point of 1:800, isolation procedures and/or PCR - 67 (21, 5%) positive animals were detected. The most prevalent presumed infective serovars, in decreasing order, were Pomona (33, 3%), Icterohaemorrhagiae (26, 7%), Grippotyphosa (21, 7%) and Bratislava (11, 7%) and infection was mainly detected in large breed male dogs from suburban and urban areas. Detailed clinical data of 27 dogs that were presented at the Clinic for Infectious diseases was additionally analysed. Most common presenting clinical signs included lethargy (89%), anorexia (85%), vomiting (70%), muscle weakness (63%), icterus (59%) and abdominal pain (59%). Major haematological and biochemical abnormalities were azotemia (93%), thrombocytopenia (70%), bilirubinemia (70%), anaemia (59%) and leukocytosis (56%). Although acute renal and hepatic failures were the most frequent clinical manifestations in dogs with leptospirosis a very high percentage of dogs with pulmonary involvement (41%) was also detected. Eight dogs were euthanized because of financial reasons connected with the high costs of intensive care while survival rate in treated animals was 63%. Negative outcome was mainly associated with leptospirosis pulmonary haemorrhagic syndrome (LPHS) and/or severe acute kidney injury (AKI). In this study, an increasing overall incidence of canine leptospirosis was detected, as well as increasing incidence of severe cases with high mortality due to severe AKI and pulmonary involvement. In addition, results showed that most infections were caused by serovars not covered by the currently used vaccines raising questions concerning its efficacy in preventing leptospirosis in dogs.

Izvorni jezik
Engleski

Znanstvena područja
Veterinarska medicina

POVEZANOST RADA