Naslov
The Role of Oxidative Stress in Pathophysiology of Prediabetes

Autori
Jandrić Balen, Marica

Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Sažeci sa skupova, neobjavljeni rad, stručni

Skup
76. dani dijabetologa Hrvatske

Mjesto i datum
Pula, Hrvatska, 07.05.2015. - 10.05.2015

Vrsta sudjelovanja
Predavanje

Vrsta recenzije
Domaća recenzija

Ključne riječi
Oxidative Stress; Pathophysiology; Prediabetes

Sažetak
Prediabetes is an intermediate state between normal blood glucose level and manifested diabetes type 2, including impaired fasting blood glucose and/or impaired glucose tolerance. Studies have shown that prediabetes is not just a precursor of diabetes, but an individual risk factor for mortality. Biomarkers that play an important role in identifying assessments of diabetes and cardiovascular disease besides glucose, HbA1c, cholesterol are CRP and IL’s as markers of inflammation and precursors of diabetes development and is now used in medical practice to screen for cardiovascular disease. Diabetes progression is not only connected with changes in traditional biomarkers such as BGL, HbA1c and cholesterol, but also inflammatory, endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is imbalance between antioxidants and free radicals, especially in relations which lead to biological harms and the results are damaged molecular products as markers of oxidative stress. It is a known fact that postprandial hyperglycemia is a generator of free radicals and oxidative stress, as well as correlation of oxidative stress and endothelial function as an initial sign of vascular disease. Association of oxidative stress and cardiovascular disease in diabetes via endothelial dysfunction and the resulting pathological changes in coagulation status has been extensively investigated. In the case of prediabetes the situation is less understood, but changes in redox status induced by hyperglycemia are already identifiable before diabetes diagnosis suggesting that moderately elevated glucose has influence on pathological processes. The central mechanism that is responsible for the increased cardiovascular risk in prediabetes is endothelial dysfunction due to the elevated formation of reactive oxygen species and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) as well as increased lipid peroxidation under hyperglycemic conditions. The consequences of endothelial dysfunction include impaired balance between coagulation and fibrinolysis, platelet activation, vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and stimulation of inflammatory processes which altogether create a pro- thrombotic environment. Untreated long-term hyperglycemia causes cardiovascular disease. If reliable and specific biomarkers for prediabetic state can be established, early detection and treatment of prediabetes could slow down diabetes epidemic.

Izvorni jezik
Engleski

Znanstvena područja
Kliničke medicinske znanosti

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