ࡱ> 8:7%bjbj>> 4*TT $$k !B]Sei0O!r"O!O!PlO! : 78. paper 2. do~ivljaj | perceiving Zlatko Kara , Sveu iliate u Zagrebu  Arhitektonski fakultet, Zagreb, Croatia Alen }uni, Harvard University  Graduate School of Design, Cambridge, USA Planned cities and settlements of the 19th century in Croatia The factors of urban identity and preservation Planirani gradovi i naselja 19. stoljea u Hrvatskoj initelji urbanog identiteta i zaatite KEY WORDS planned cities industrial cities URENOVAC BELI`E DUGA RESA KLJU NE RIJE I PLANIRANI GRADOVI INDUSTRIJSKI GRADOVI URENOVAC BELI`E DUGA RES As early as the turn of the 18th and 19th c., in E. Slavonia, many villages were redesigned and rebuilt according to the redevelopment plans ( the Joseph regulation ). The most important example is that of Tovarnik. A phenomenon on its own was the pustara, or planned agrarian colony on the latifundia. One such great estate was Belje, where some fifteen pustaras were developed. In 19th c. Croatia, modernising phenomena such as the railways, electricity and early industries, resulted in a pronounced development of cities, and the first development plans, as well as the foundation of new industrial settlements. As for existing cities that acquired new, planned parts in consequence of strong growth, in the first half of the century Sisak stands out (the  Fistrovi plan , as it was called) and in the second half, Zagreb (Lower Town), Osijek (New City), Rijeka (2nd filling of the waterfront) and military Pula. However, also interesting are the newly founded cities that were called into existence by contemporary needs, such as healthcare tourism (Opatija and Lipik), or by the requirements of industry. In 1885 the firm  S. H. Gutmann d.d. established the industrial city of Beliae not far from Valpovo for the purpose of LNPh * ,    Թl]K"h["h["5CJ\aJmH sH hW5CJ\aJmH sH %h["hb75CJH*\aJmH sH "h["hb75CJ\aJmH sH hS5\mH sH h["5CJOJQJaJh["hS5CJOJQJaJh["hSCJOJQJaJh["hiYhS5 hSmhShSh["hSB*phhb7hb7mH sH hb7hiiOmH sH LNP  f " $ & : X | gd $da$gdgdb7 [$\$gdS $da$gdS d f " $ & : | $ J ƳƤocXI8 hWh;B*CJaJphhWhB*CJaJphhWhB*phhQh;CJaJh"Lh;CJaJmH sH  hGChhhb7mH sH #h["h["5B*\mH phsH h["5B*\mH phsH %h@-5B*CJ\aJmH phsH +h["h["5B*CJ\aJmH phsH hb75\mH sH hb7hb75\mH sH h["5\mH sH  $ : J \ ^ ##$%%%%%%%%%% $da$gd["$[$\$a$gdW $da$gdW$a$gdX$a$gd%gdb7gd $da$gdJ Z \ ^ '.NPln&(,02VX&""#####˿˿˫˓˓˷˿˷ˋˋˋ˷˷˷˷ˋxohWh["CJhb7mH sH UhXH*mH sH hXmH sH hb7hb76mH sH h%h%6mH sH h%hb76mH sH h%mH sH hb7hb7H*mH sH hb7hb7mH sH hb7hmH sH  hWh;B*CJaJphh;B*CJaJph+processing timber. urenovac, not far off, is a prominent example of planned industrial urbanisation, which was started in 1897. The textile industry settlement of Duga Resa close to Karlovac had similar origins. Since these examples were independent but monofunctional settlements, not parts of large, vital cities in which purposes were easier to change, their physical and demographic preservation depends on the continued viability of the original function or the development of new and cognate functions. In the tourist cities this process was well handled, and it is also sustainable in the agrarian colonies. But in the cities of obsolescent industries a more radical change has to be looked for, with the creation of polyvalent economic zones. Assist. Prof. Zlatko Kara , Ph.D, architect, University of Zagreb  Faculty of Architecture, Zagreb, Croatia. Alen }uni, mag. ing. arch., master degree in Harvard University  Graduate School of Design, Cambridge, USA ###$$$$$$$$D%F%%%%hb7hb7mH sH h["hW5CJOJQJaJhWh["5CJOJQJaJhWh["CJOJQJaJhWh["5CJ hW5CJhWh["CJ hWCJ%%21h:pY. 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