ࡱ> proq ),bjbjt+t+ AAx],&VVVVV$]@VVV 8VVnSSV< bMZ IX. KONGRES HRVATSKOG TLOZNANSTVENOG DRU`TVA GOSPODARENJE I ZA`TITA TLA ZA BUDUE GENERACIJE LAND MANAGEMENT AND SOIL PROTECTION FOR FUTURE GENERATIONS Brijuni, 03. do 07 srpnja 2001. BAKAR U VINOGRADARSKIM TLIMA Copper In Vineyard Soils Marija Romi1, Davor Romi1, Josip Kralji kovi2 1Agronomski fakultet Sveu iliata u Zagreb 2Zagreba ka ~upanija, Upravni odjel za poljoprivredu i aumarstvo SLIKA 33. Pejza~ Pleaivice SLIKA 34. Stogodianji trs UVOD Introduction Dio apliciranog Cu se obradom i bioloakim kru~enjem unosi zadr~ava u povrainskom sloju tla; Koncentracije ukupnog Cu u tlima u rasponu od 110 mg/kg do 1500 mg/kg povezane su s praksom praksa koriatenja Cu-sulfata i drugih fungicida koji sadr~e bakar za zaatitu vinove loze i drugih poljoprivrednih kultura u umjerenom i tropskom klimatu; Cu je u tlu vrlo reaktivan, a ato: (1) ograni ava njegovu biopristupa nost, (2) smanjuje rizike od fitotoksi nosti, (3) usporava vertikalno premjeatanje kroz tlo. CILJEVI ISTRA}IVANJA Objectives 1. Utvrditi nakupljanje bakra (aqua regia) u povrainskom sloju vinogradarskih tala sjeverozapadne Hrvatske u vinogradima starosti i do 100 godina; 2. Analizirati ploanu prostornu varijabilnost bakra referentnim statisti kim i geostatisti kim metodama i izraditi karte njihove distribucije; 3. utvrditi raspodjelu i prirodnih i antropogenih sadr~aja teakih metala unutar profila odabranih tipova tala, reprezentativnih za istra~ivano podru je. MATERIJAL I METODE Materials and methods ISTRA}IVANO PODRU JE STUDY AREA Istra~ivanje je provedeno na poljoprivrednim tlima Zagreba ke ~upanije na podru jima: 1 . Svetojansko-Slaveti kog i Pleaivi ko-Okikog vinogorja (48 km2 ) 2. Zelinskog vinogorja (28 km2 ) SLIKA 6 Karta ~upanije PLAN UZORKOVANJA SAMPLING DESIGN Osniva se na pravilnoj kvadratnoj mre~i s to kama uzorkovanja na razmacima od 1 km. Uzorci tla uzeti su u 67 vinograda iz povrainskog sloja 0  10 cm. Na kontrolnim parcelama (aume i oranice) na kojima nikada nije bilo aplikacije Bordoake juhe uzeto je 9 uzoraka za utvrivanje tzv.  background koncentracije. Na 2 parcele reprezentativne za istra~ivano podru je otvoreni su pedoloaki profili, a iz genetskih horizonata uzeti uzorci tla za utvrivanje vertikalne distribucije bakra. SLIKA 8 Plan uzorkovanja SLIKA 9 Promijeniti naslov u LABORATORIJSKE ANALIZE LABORATORY METHODS KEMIJSKE ANALIZE Aqua regia extr. Cu, mg kg -1 Organski C, g kg -1 pH Gubitak suenjem na 105 0 C, % Pijesak (2- 0.05 mm), g kg -1 Prah (0.05- 0.002 mm), g kg -1 mm), g kg -1 Ekstrakcija u zlatotopci mikrovalnom tehnikom Oksidacija krom- sumpornom kiselinom Potenciometrijski u vodi i 1M KCl Gravimetrijskom metodom Pipet- metodom dezagregacijom u Na- pirofosfatu STATISTI KA ANALIZA STATISTICAL METHODS Koriatene su standardne analize deskriptivne statistike (SAS, 1995), a za izradu karata distribucije bakra geostatisti ka kriging metoda izrade mre~e s linearnim variogramom grafi kim ra unalnim programom Surfer 7.0 (Golden Software, 1999). REZULTATI ISTRA}IVANJA RESULTS Deaskriptivna statistika sadr~aja bakra (aqua regia) u mg kg-1 tla Statistical summary of aqua regia extractable copper concentrations in mg kg-1 of soilVinogorje Wine-producing regionUkupno istra~ivano podru je Total studied area (n = 67)  Slaveti - Pleaivica (n = 43) Zelina (n = 24)Prosje na vrijednost Mean Median Median Minimum Minimum Maksimum Maximum Varijanca Variance Std.Dev. Asimetri nost Skewnwss MDK* Threshold value*374.5 381.5 29.8 699.9 37970 194.9 -0.16 60-100352.7 369.0 29.8 667.1 40054 200.13 -0.09 60-100405.3 395.0 83.0 699.9 31816 178.4 -0.12 60-100MDK prema Pravilniku o zatiti poljoprivrednog zemljita (N.N. 15/92) The limit value of the Croatian regulation Istra~ivano podru je Svetojansko-Slavetikog i Pleaivi ko-Okikog vinogorja SLIKA 19 SLIKA 35  Histogram koncentracija bakra u tlu vinograda Svetojansko-Slavetikog i Pleaivi ko-Okikog vinogorja Fequency distribution of copper concentrations in vineyard soil of Sveta Jana-Slaveti i Pleaivica-Oki vine producing regions SLIKA 21 SLIKA 22  Histogram koncentracija bakra u tlu vinograda Zelinskog vinogorja Fequency distribution of copper concentrations in vineyard soil of Zelina vine producing regions SLIKA 54 Raspodjela bakra dubinom profila tla Copper distribution along the soil profile Odabrana svojstva tala po dubinama unutar profila Selected soil properties Tip tlaLokacijaDubina horizonta u profilu (m)pHH2OpHKClOrganski C (g kg-1)Glina (g kg-1)Prah (g kg-1)Pijesak (g kg-1)Vitisol na Pleivica0-0.24.733.743.3230330440lesolikim0.2-0.84.673.760.6120360480sedimentima0.8-1.154.963.593.63004302701.15-1.405.003.591.3310460230VitisolNespe0-0.27.686.723.1844049070na laporu0.2-0.57.916.740.95510460300.5-0.87.926.750.63450480700.8-1.107.726.090.4633060070 Koncentracije metala (aqua regia) u tlima po dubinama odabranih profila Heavy metal concentrations (after aqua regia digestion) along the soil profilesTip tlaLokacijaDubina horizonataCdCrCuFeMnNiPbZnu profilu (m)mg/kgVitisol na lesolikimPleivica0-0.20,6750,6430,2925832113,942,1721,8671,45sedimentima0.2-0.81,3043,5718,952535998,240,1922,9674,590.8-1.151,4869,9527,1131542912,9112,5749,7494,901.15-1.401,7065,8129,9238230772,877,1045,32129,31Vitisol naNespe0-0.22,78112,67341,3345154750,1104,8642,80116,63laporu0.2-0.52,79111,70116,0046987674,5102,2435,44109,550.5-0.83,31102,8576,8245988775,792,4034,14103,500.8-1.102,8386,9640,91431661134,068,2934,6288,12 SLIKA 40 ^4xDJ >  T Bn2:ZڸҦCJ$CJhmH nH CJ&H*hmH nH CJ&hmH nH 5CJ&hmH nH CJhmH nH 5CJhmH nH  56CJ6CJ hmH nH CJ hmH nH 5CJ$hmH nH  56CJ CJH*5CJ5CJ$CJ5CJ CJ 6^4tvxH "$&(*`bdfhjl$dh$$dhdh^4tvxH "$&(*`bdfhjlnprtvxz|~ H   > T >BDn24 :>@BDFHJLelnprtvxz|~$dh H   > T >dhvjdhFdh $@ dhFdhFdhd Fd$dh$dhBDn24 :>@BDFHJL$dhdhdh$dLNPRTV|rtvx>prt >]j'()@BD&(*,.02468:<>Rjln~@xz| bLNPRTV|rtvx$dh$dh>prt >]j'()dh$dh>r;>Z]gj&)@2jln~<P̾~vppjfbCJH*6CJ 5CJH* 56CJCJ0hmH nH OJQJhmH nH 5CJ0OJQJhmH nH CJ hmH nH CJ$hmH nH 5CJ$hmH nH 6CJOJQJhmH nH 6CJ OJQJhmH nH 56CJOJQJhmH nH 56CJ OJQJhmH nH 5CJ$OJQJhmH nH CJ5CJ&@BD&(*,.02468:<>ln~$$Sdh $ 8dh$ 8dhdh@xz|+$$lF h-$$$lh- $$<z .>N`p 0 7 h o !!!""## # ##$Z%\%x%%p&&&&&'''Q'U'W'['k'm'z'|''Ÿ㴱CJH*CJH*5CJ$CJ(5CJ(jCJ$UmH5CJ CJ$j5CJ$UmH hmH nH 5CJ0hmH nH CJ CJ 6B*CJ6CJ 56CJ5CJCJA .>N`p         " # ) * 0 1 8 > ? 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