Naslov
Genotypic variability in root traits and implications for phosphorus acquisition efficiency in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Autori
Lazarević, Boris ; Poljak, Milan ; Šatović, Zlatko ; Carović-Stanko, Klaudija

Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Sažeci sa skupova, sažetak, znanstveni

Izvornik
Linking Land Use, Land Cover, and Climate, Book of Abstracts / - Grindelwald : University of Bern, 2014, 61-63

Skup
Linking Land Use, Land Cover, and Climate

Mjesto i datum
Grindelwald, Švicarska, 31.08.2014. - 05.09.2014

Vrsta sudjelovanja
Poster

Vrsta recenzije
Međunarodna recenzija

Ključne riječi
phosphorus; common bean; root traits

Sažetak
Compared with the other plant nutrients, phosphorus (P) is by far the least available to plants in most soil conditions. It is therefore frequently a major limiting factor for plant growth [4]. Thus, crop production relies on continuous input of large amounts of P in form of mineral fertilisers. Phosphorus fertilisers are produced from phosphate rock, a finite resource that will be depleted in 50-400 years [3, 5]. The European Union (EU) is almost entirely dependent on imports of P (1.4 Mt in 2010) [5, 8]. The development of crop varieties with improved P-acquisition efficiency, defined as the ability to grow and yield in soils with reduced phosphorus availability. P-efficient varieties would help to maintain soils at lower P concentrations compared to those required for current cultivars. This would improve internal P-cycling and crop productivity in low-input and organic cropping systems. While in intensive cropping systems, P-efficient crops would reduce the inefficient use of P fertilisers, and reduce environmental problems associated with P losses to water bodies [1, 6, 9]. Recent research on physiological trait dissection for P efficiency on common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in Africa, Asia, and South America, has resulted in the identification of several P-adaptive root traits [6, 7]. However, little is known about the extent of genotypic diversity in the P adaptive root traits in European crop germplasm collections. Common bean is the most important grain legume for direct human consumption [2]. Common bean is mainly produced on small-scale farms (80% of the world’s dry bean production) [10] and is frequently grown in soils which contain too little available phosphorus for sustaining optimal bean production. The long tradition of common bean cultivation in Croatia has enabled the evolution of many landraces adapted to restricted areas. Traditional landraces poses considerable genetic variability and extreme adaptation to different environmental conditions. The aims of this study are to examine the extent of genotypic variability of the root traits (basal root whorl number, root-hair density and length, the growth angle of root axes, lateral branching pattern, tap root length, length of the lateral roots, and rooting depth) related to P-acquisition efficiency in 20 accessions of Croatian common bean landraces, and to quantify the root system architecture of a subset of bean landraces contrasting in P-acquisition efficiency. Seeds will be germinated on continuously moistened (0.5 M CaSO4) germination paper and the basal root whorl number, and root-hair density and length will be measured after four and eight days of germination, respectively. Other architectural root traits will be measured repeatedly during 30 days of growth in soil with low phosphorus availability using rhizoboxes. The P-acquisition efficiency will be estimated by measurement of P content in bean roots, stems and leaves. The assessment of genetic diversity of landraces will be performed using microsatellite markers.

Izvorni jezik
Engleski

Znanstvena područja
Poljoprivreda (agronomija)

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