Naslov
Occurrence and behaviour of illicit drugs and therapeutic opiates in municipal wastewater treatment

Autori
Krizman, Ivona ; Terzić, Senka ; Senta, Ivan ; Ahel, Marijan

Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Sažeci sa skupova, sažetak, znanstveni

Skup
14th EuCheMS International Conference on Chemistry and the Environment

Mjesto i datum
Barcelona, Španjolska, 25.06.2013. - 28.06.2013

Vrsta sudjelovanja
Poster

Vrsta recenzije
Nije recenziran

Ključne riječi
ilegalne droge; tekućinska kromatografija-tandemna spektrometrija masa; otpadna voda
(ilicit drugs; liquid chromatography- tandem mass spectrometry; wastewater)

Sažetak
An integrated procedure for multiresidue analysis of the dissolved and particulate residues of selected urinary biomarkers of illicit drugs and therapeutic opiates in untreated and biologically treated wastewater using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) was developed and applied to study their behaviour during the wastewater treatment. The enrichment of illicit drugs from suspended solids and aqueous samples were performed employing pressurised liquid extraction (PLE) and fractionated solid-phase extraction (SPE) based on mixed cation-exchange (Oasis MCX) cartridges, respectively. The performance of different SPE cartridges was investigated in order to optimise the overall recovery and to reduce the matrix effects. The method was applied for the analysis of raw wastewater (RW), activated sludge (AS) and secondary effluent (SE) samples, collected in 4 different wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The average contributions of the particulate drugs in the RW was 1-28 %, which suggested that the total mass loads of some drugs might be underestimated by neglecting the particulate fraction. Moreover, relatively high distribution coefficients, determined for 2-ethylidene-1, 5- dimethyl-3, 3-diphenylpyrrolidine (EDDP ; RW: 1211 L/kg) and 11-hydroxy-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC-OH ; RW: 1786 L/kg) in activated sludge, implied that the adsorption might play a significant role in their removal during biological wastewater treatment. The overall elimination efficiency of the investigated compounds was variable. Rather high removal efficiencies were obtained for THC-COOH (99±2%) and THC-OH (98±4%), morphine (89±9%) and amphetamine (85±14%), while lower removal rates were determined for cocaine (67±15%), benzoylecgonine (60±15%), codeine (57±22%), MDMA (48±21%), methadone (30±14%) and EDDP (9±6%).

Izvorni jezik
Engleski

Znanstvena područja
Geologija, Kemija

POVEZANOST RADA