ࡱ> gG _bjbjَ Q]ZZZZZvdZkC*U)U)U)BBBBBB$DFVC]U))@U)U)U)C2#222U)*?"8"U)?224g=:?$t(γZZU)v _?8CHOICE OF WIRELESS TELECOMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS FOR EARLY ITS IMPLEMENTATIONS (IZBOR SUSTAVA BE}I NIH TELEKOMUNIKACIJA ZA PRVE PRIMJENE ITS a) Robert Belec, dipl. ing. Vipnet, HR 10000 Zagreb e mail: belec@fpz.hr Ivan Boanjak, ass. prof. dr. sc. Tomislav Kljak, dipl. ing. Faculty of Traffic Sciences Vukelieva 4, HR 10000 Zagreb e mail: bosnjaki@fpz.hr SUMMARY: Choice of wireless telecommunications solutions for early Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) implementations must be systematicaly considered in the context of national and European ITS architectural framework. In this paper more technically/technologically oriented description and evaluation is given for expected first ITS services (traffic/traveler information service and urban traffic management). For expected first ITS applications and respected information flows between traffic/transportation entities, several potential wireless telecommunications systems are evaluated. Conclusion is that: RDS/TMC, SMS over GSM and new GPRS systems based on datagram transmission have significant advantages over one way broadcasting and circuit switched dial up connections. key words: Intelligent Transportation Systems, Wireless Telecommunications, Datagram Transmission, Interfaces. SA}ETAK: Problem izbora be~i nog telekomunikacijskog rjeaenja za prve aplikacije Inteligentnih transportnih sustava mora sustavno biti sagledan u kontekstu nacionalne i Europske ITS arhitekture. U ovom je radu s tehni ko tehnoloakog motriata dan opis i evaluacija o ekivanih prvih ITS usluga (informacijski servisi za voza e i putnike te upravljanje gradskim prometom). Za o ekivane prve ITS aplikacije i pripadajue informacijske tokove izmeu prometnih/transportnih entiteta, analizirani su potencijalni be~i ni telekomunikacijski sustavi. Zaklju ak je da: RDS/TMC, SMS posredstvom GSM mre~e i GPRS sustavi bazirani na prijenosu datagrama imaju zna ajne prednosti pred klasi nim radiodifuznim emitiranjem poruka i dvosmjernim konekcijama s komutacijom kanala. KLJU NE RIJE I: Inteligentni Transportni Sustavi, Be~i ne Telekomunikacije, Datagram Prijenos, Su elja. 1. INTRODUCTION From many telecommunications technologies and systems that can be implemented in transportation area, ITS systems architects and designers have to choose and specify these solutions which effectively meet ITS requirements and satisfy other criterias (availability, costs, etc.). According to basic ITS architectural concept, Telecommunication Layer and Transportation Layer are two separable domains of ITS Physical Architecture [2], [6]. Although they are conceptualy separated, at the same time they are tightly coupled to meet the ITS user service requirements. The interface or interconnectivity requirements between the transportation subsystems can be derived from ITS user services, after that various telecommunication options can be considered and objectively evaluated [7]. The basic telecommunications media types ((wireless and wireline) have critical architectural importance, therefore all telecommunications solutions can be considered starting with this basic classification. In this paper, we will considere some basic issues related with choosing and designing wireless telecommunications systems for early ITS implementations in concrete national and European environment. Several landmobile network facilities/services, analogue and digital cellular networks, paging, specialized mobile radio SMR, trunk system), FM broadcast, satellite, and short range telecommunications systems have to be evaluated according to their maturity and capability for supporting ITS. Analyse and forecast of ITS data flows ((teletraffic) between defined transportation entities, delay, throughput and related teletraffic issues, require more concrete project research. Necessary supports for systematic analyse of wireless telecommunications for early ITS implementations are national ITS architecture and relevant programs/projects in the scope of Advanced Transport Telematics (ATT) or Road Transport Telematics (RTT). 2. ADAPTIVE STRATEGY FOR EARLY ITS IMPLEMENTATIONS Adaptive strategy for ITS implementations with the system integration and European coordination is accepted as an effective strategic approach. Relevant scenarios for development and deployment of early ITS services are strongly influenced by next factors: availability of basic supporting infrastructure, the evaluation of ITS enabling technologies, the emergence of standards, institutional/organizational context of implementations, market demand, widearea (global) harmonization and cooperation, etc. For concrete environment implementation strategy will: provide preliminary implementation guidance, recognise and define (public or private sector) implementation roles (state or local), suggest early deployment of key enabling infrastructure, coordinate staged implementation begins with "islands" of basic ITS capability ((Split, Zagreb, Rijeka), support system integration and unifying framework that will enchance the interoperability of localresponsive ITS implementations, encourage exploatation of market forces, sugest necessary education and training programs. European Commision (EC) has proposed the following areas for priority actions in deployment of Road Transport Telematics (RTT) in Europe [4]: Traffic/traveler information services based on RDS/TMC (Radio Data System Traffic Message Channel), Electronic Fee Collection (EFC) which includes Automatic Toll Collection (ATC) and other electronic differentiated pricing services, Transport related data exchange and information management on TransEuropean Road Network (to ensure crossborder services and interoperability), Human Machine Interface (HMI) for invehicle devices, System integration, i. e. developing common framework for planning, defining and integrating ITS. Beyond these priority actions, EC action plan proposes other possible priority applications: Pretrip and ontrip information and guidance, Interurban and urban trafic management, operation and control, Other urban transport telematic services, Commercial vehicle operations ((logistic chains), Advanced vehicle safety/control systems. These list is not closed and future proposals can be added. European (and American) researches on RTT systems in the Third and Fourth Framework programmes and Telten 2 (Telematics Implementation on the TransEuropean Road Network) were used as a base and relevant guide lines about ITS applications. EC's proposal for 5th Framewok Programme (19982002) has a common orientation: "Creating a userfriendly Information Society". To illustrate concept of adaptive strategy for early ITS implementations we can use descriptions from Fig. 1 and Fig. 2. As a conceptual descriptions figures provides only the most relevant components i.e., directly involved subsystems, system terminators and highest level data flows which are precisely described in logical ITS architecture.  VRG Vehicle Route Guidance PRG Personal Route Gudance Fig. 1 Autonomous Route Guidance without telecommunication support  Fig. 2 Advanced RouteGuidance System integrated with Traffic (and Transit) Management Lowlayer of route guidance service is based on invehicle sensory, location determination, computational and interactive driverinterface equipment that enable route planning and detailed route guidance based on static (stored) information, without communication with the infrastructure. Second level of route guidance service enable route planning and guidance which is responsive to current traffic conditions. ITS package include the autonomous route guidance user equipment with a digital receiver capable to receive realtime traffic, transit and road condition information. More effective solution may be possible if the route planning function is moved from the user device (invehicle or portable devices) to the traffic information service provider (TISP). This concept simplifies the user equipment but require new functionalities at TISP and twoway telecommunications. TISP offer interactive infrastructure information and route selection based on traffic prediction and appropriate control strategies. In advanced and integrated solution, there is additional level of coordination between TISP and Traffic (and Transit) Management Center. This coordination allows the traffic management system (center) to continuosly optimize the traffic control based on nearreal time information on intended routes. It would utilize TISPprovided information to optimize traffic management, while at the same time providing updated signal timing information back to TISP to optimize route plans. 3. WIRELESS NETWORK FACILITIES AND SERVICES RELEVANT FOR EARLY ITS Systematic description of wireless (and wireline) telecommunications and their basic classification relevant to ITS architectural framework were initialy given in reference [3] and through preliminary work on Croatian ITS Architecture [7]. In this paper we are oriented to more technically description and initial evaluation of possible wireless networks/services/standards for traffic/traveler information services and traffic management applications. The aim is to concise description of available (or soon be available) basic technical/technological characteristics of the wireless systems as well as the limitations and related critical aspects that must be resolved to actualize ITS implementations. Wireless systems/technologies are grouped in next classes: Broadcast Technologies conventional AM and FM radio broadcast RDS TMC DAB (MUSICAM, COFDM) Landmobile cellular network systems/standards Analogue network facilities (NMT, Mobitex, Radiocom 200, RTMS, etc.) GSM SMS GPRS future panEuropean technologies (PCM, UMTS, MDTRS) Satellite systems EUTELTRACS GPS / GLONASS INMARSAT Information about actuall traffic conditions using conventional AM (Amplitude Modulation) and FM (Frequency Modulation) broadcasting makes the earliest form of invehicle information system. Voice traffic informations are broadcasted at regular time intervals and received through car radios or at home. Transmission on additional data via AM (AMDS AM Data system) has been tested and it is proven that low datarate ((200 bps) can be reliable transmitted within the range of the transmitter. Broadcast in FM provide more quality (stereo) sound, mainly for stationary use. FM also requires few different frequencies to cover one area or country with one station, therefore when driving from one area to another a FM radio must be retuned. Using of isofrequency in the FM band it is possible to transmite road and traffic information on the same frequency all over a covering zone. RDS (Radio Data System) is oneway broadcast pointtomultipoint transmission system which has been developed by the European Broadcasting Union and standardised by CELENEC in 1990. RDS enable transmission of additional digital information alongside normal FM radio transmission by superimposing a silent data channel on 57 kHz sub carrier. Capacity is relatively low (<1200 bps). There are 16 types of the information transmited over RDS, one of which is the Traffic Message Channel (TMC). Because traffic information is coded, a decoder is required to receive TMC messages which can be then reproduced by speech synthesiser or visual display. RDS/TMC is planned to be common European facility for transmitting dynamic traffic and weather information, filtered according to region, to drivers or to incar navigation system. The advantage of RDS/TMC is the high degree of possible coverage which depend of existing national and private FM radio stations (which must adapt the broadcasting transmitter to transmit the coded messages). One widelly accepted TMC protocol is ALERTC protocol developed by the DRIVE project RDSALERT. In recent RTT programme the ALERTC protocol is divided into the bearer independent format (INTERCHANGE) and the bearer application protocol (ATTALERT). RDS/TMC can be evaluated as an efficient method to transmit traffic information to vehicles and it can replace spoken traffic message in the future. In the context of traffic management and routeguidance application there are some disadvantages of RDS/TMC. the data capacity is restricted ((1200 bps maximum), because the area of reception is very large, many messages have to be transmitted (most of them are not relevant for specific driver), because it is oneway transmission, the driver cannot ask for individual information or send specific message to the traffic management center. DAB (Digital Audio Broadcast) combine two digital technics to produce an efficient and reliable radio broadcast system. The first is MUSICAM compression system that reduces the vast amount of digital information required to be broadcast ((discarding sounds that will not be percieved by the listener). The second is COFDM (Coded Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex) which ensure that signals are received reliably and robustly, even in interferencing conditions. Landmobile cellular radio is a twoway telecommunication for transmission of voice and nonvoice mesage in a digital or in an analogue format. In contrast to satellite systems, cellular mobile network is based on a division of the territory into more areas ( cells, each having a communication base station which serve all the calls inside the cell. Main advantage of cellular concept is the possibility of using the same frequency in more cells, that enable serving a theoretically unlimited number of mobile users with a limited scope of frequencies. GSM (Groupe Special Mobile, Global System for Mobile telecommunications) is strongly expanding panEuropean digital cellular mobile system which provide twoway telecommunication links between mobileendstations and fixed base stations. Beside voice transmission GSM offers several other services including data communications. GSM allowes data rates from 9.6 kbps (TCH/F 9.6 traffic channel/full rate) to 2.4. kbps (TCH/H 2.4. traffic channel/half rate), with circuit switched connection mode. This concept is accomodated for handling large data volumes (e.g. file transfer), but typical RTI or RTT application require small data volumes ((10 to 200 bytes) for which circuitswitch with dialup is not adequate connection mode. SMS (Short Message Service) is an additional transfer mode that has been defined within the specifications of GSM. It is a specific paging service that supports transmission in pointtopoint and broadcast mode. Data can be transmitted to and from vehicles, simultaneously to speech because SMS is integrated in signalling channel. Disadvantage is the low data rate and limited throughput of the whole system. However, for the first time SMS can be evaluated as a usable (panEuropean) standardized data service in cellular network which offers twoway telecommunication and enables improvement of traffic management by updating the dynamic data of major street segments by floating car data. Using SMSCB (cell broadcasting), the traffic information can be restricted to relevant data for each cell. GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) is a new packetoriented data service over GSM network standardized by the ETSI (European Telecommunications Standards Institute) in the GSM phase 2+. To enable datagrams to be carried over the radio interface asymetric microconnections are established and realised between the BSS (Base Station Subsystem) and EMT (EndMobile Station). GPRS provides true packetbased access in which scarce radioresources are reserved only when necessary and more users can be statistically multiplexed onto a given number of PDCH (Packet Data Channels). GPRS enable: data rate up to 9.6 kbps, flexible packet size (up to 128 bytes), fast access (<2s) and flexible addresing schemes for the downlink: singlecast, multicast, broadcast and geographical routing. CDPD (Cellular Digital Packet Data) is wireless technology that provides packetswitched data transfer service over existing analogue mobile phone system (AMPS in USA and several other countries). CDPD provides a connectionless routing framework an Internet protocol (IP) or connectionless network protocol (CLNP) network layer packet transfer facility. Utilizing the unused bandwidth in the AMPS system and the ability to share cellsite hardware are two main factors that promote CDPD as a lowcost alternative to private packet data technologies. Mobitex is Ericsson protocol for private wireless data networks. The datas are transmitted at a maximum rate of 8 kbps, where the bandwidth of a single channel is 12.5 kHz. Mobitex is not limited to a special frequency band and vacant frequencies in different countries can be used. However, a widespread RTT message requires a unique frequency band which is available in most European countries. Mobitex protocol is also used in USA in RAM Data Network. TETRA (defined by ETSI) is a standard for trunked voice service and widearea packet service both use the same physical layer and the same transceiver equipment. Although this overview is concentrated on existing systems for early ITS implementations, other (future) panEuropean cellular networks/services/standards must be evaluated in strategic plans. These include Personal Communication Networks (PCN), the Mobile Digital Trunked Radio Systems (MDTRS) and Universal Mobile Telecommunication Services (UMTS) [1], [2]. Satellite communication system can have a world coverage (GPS, INMARSAT, etc.) or regional coverage (EUTELTRACS). The main advantage of satellite systems is that they don't require construction of local network infrastructure as do land mobile networks. Existing satellite systems enable two basic types of transportation related services: localisation for terrestrial purposes (navigation for example), telecommunications through satellite links. GPS (Global Positioning System) is a satellite based radionavigation system initialy built principally for military users (US DoD) but later extended into civil area. System transmits 24 hours a day providing passive navigation information (oneway) to an unlimited number of users. A GPS receiver decodes the signals and using triangulation techniques determine a position on the Earth within the World Geodetic Coordinate System (WGS84). Civilian GPS receivers decode the C/A (Course/Aquisition) code, while for military users other P (Precise) Code is utilised. A technique called DGPS (Different GPS) improve the possition accuracy for one order of magnitude [ ]. INMARSAT (INternational MARitime SATellite organisation) is an international nonprofit organisation whose objective is set up satellite communication systems with the global coverage. Among other services, a data communications for land mobile vehicles (known as INMARSAT C) is in operation from 1991. From 1994. INMARSAT enable transmit localisation messages GPSlike on the same frequency as GPS. EUTELTRACS is the first twoway message service with integrated mobile possition reporting, designed specifically for road transport (dispatching) needs. It uses satellite transmission (Kuband) available on the EUTELSAT satellite. 4. conclusion Effective implementation of early ITS services in (our) concrete environment require system architecture framework, harmonization and coordination on regional and European level. For expected first ITS applications and respected information flows between traffic/transportation entities twoway datagram oriented telecommunications over GSM have siginificant advantages over isolated subsystems, oneway broadcasting or circuitswitch dial up connections. REFERENCES: Baudet, S. and P. Frene: General Packet Radio Service. Alcatel Telecommunications Review, 2nd Quarter 1999., pp. 125130 (ISSN: 12677167) Bonjak, I.: Intelligent Transportation Systems (Introduction). Int. Contributions for Postgraduate Study, Zagreb 1999. Bonjak, I., R. Belec and G. Ratkovi: Information and Telecommunications Technologies for Intelligent Transportation Systems. 10th Int. Conference on Information and Intelligent Systems. Vara~din, 1999. EC, Directorate general for Transport: Community Strategy and Framework for the Deployment of Road Transport Telematics. COM (97) Brussels, 1997. Miles, J.C.: UTC meets ITS . Traffic Technology Int. Annual Review, UK&Int. Press, 1998. Proceedings of 5th World Congress on Intelligent Transport Systems. Seoul, 1998 (CDROM) US DOT: ITS Communication Architecture. Special Report. Washington D:C:, 1998. Working Group for ITS Architecture on Research Center for Intelligent Transport Systems: Preliminary Design of ITS (work papers). Faculty of Traffic Scieneces. Zagreb, 1999. Vehicle V R G P R G Personal Info Access Location Data Source Map Provider Location Data Source Map Provider Location Data Source Map Provider P R G Personal/ Traveller Access Map Provider Location Data Source V R G Vehicle Interactive Reception T I S P Local Traffic Management Center Transit Management Center trip plan trip confirmation trip confirmation trip plan information request request request route plan selected routes :BZ, , .  no0pq# #$$%%%&&#&a&b&&&R(X(Z(`(Z--33;;==??2C3C j~OJQJmHjOJQJUmHH*OJQJmH jOJQJmH5;OJQJmH56OJQJmH6OJQJmH5OJQJmH OJQJmH5CJOJQJmH@b:<>@BtF~  $$$dh$dh$b:<>@BtF~  013d,c  5g[ r!! "g"ý                                                < 013d,c  5$ & F$$ & F$$5g[ r!! "g"""#2#[#%%a&c&d&e&f&g&h&i&j&k&l&$$ & F$ & F$$ & Fg"""#2#[#%%a&c&d&e&f&g&h&i&j&k&l&m&n&o&p&q&r&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&''''''''' ' ' ' ' ''''''''''''''''''' '!'"'#'q'|'()w+Y-Z----l/00              Yl&m&n&o&p&q&r&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&''''''$$$'''' ' ' ' ' ''''''''''''''''''' '!'"'$"'#'q'|'()w+Y-Z----l/0000101u1 $ & F  h $ & F h $ & F h $ & F h$ & F$@ $$000101u1y1}111111134_58f:h;;$<<>@CFIKMONO QKQwQTUVVVVfXgXtXuXYxYp[J\\\K]]]^                                                  6u1y1}111111134_58f:h;;$<$ & F$ $ & F h $ & F h $ & F h$ & F $ & F h $ & F h $ & F h $ & F  h$<<>@CFIKMONO QKQwQTUVVVVfXgXtXuXYxYp[$ & F $$ & F$$ & F3C T"T.T0T7T:TVVVVhXtXXX Y?Y&ZZ[/\W\d\\\]"]]]]]^^ ^ ^^^&^'^>^?^L^M^e^f^s^t^v^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ _ _ _ _CJ OJQJmHCJOJQJmHH*OJQJmH6OJQJmH5;OJQJmH5OJQJmH>*OJQJmH OJQJmHHp[J\\\K]]]^^ ^ ^^^^&^'^1^>^?^C^L^M^X^e^f^j^s^t^$dh$$$ & F ^^ ^ ^^^^&^'^1^>^?^C^L^M^X^e^f^j^s^t^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^_ _ _ _ ____$_/_6_7_8_@_K_R_S_^___e_s_t____________________ St^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^_ _ _ _ __$$dh ____6_7_R_S_^___s_t__________________5OJQJmHCJOJQJmH OJQJmHCJ OJQJmH5CJ OJQJmH___$_/_6_7_8_@_K_R_S_^___e_s_t_____________$$dh________$. A!"#$% [0@0NormalCJOJQJmH <A@<Default Paragraph Font -ESlz=YezpS)&"!21.-5678DGLM\]^_`a -ESlz=Yez     pS  cgpS3C __@LP 5l&'"'u1$<p[t^___ACDFGHJKMOQRg"0^_BEIN8ij@"[i0 X"(   N @&(: i D ` & / g# `'&6` "`'2 # p& /lL "`'1 "`'18Z " %(   " %(f  S " %(# `  C @&$'" ZB   S D`(`-&ZB   S D$($-' L ! .`'2 !-`'1`  C P".`'2, H"  # G-! .`'2* L  .0!2 -0!2`  C .0!2' H"  # G- .0!2'`  "2 # @ /8Z  "@(   "@(f  S  "@(' `  C @& ') ZB   S D ( -&ZB   S D(-(`  C  .2- `  C p .P10 H"  # G- -P1+H"  # G--1)H  # @&(:&@ )8 fL Pp'6 dPp'6Z G 3 P+. Z L 3 0P+ . lL Pp'6 cPp'6TB E C Dpp,p,TB H C DPp,`p,XL Pp'6 bPp'68Z & % . N `&% .f ! S  !& % .  ` " C  "`+$-'  `B # c $D .1 `B $ c $D % . %1  ` ! .`'2 %# P"1'p5` & C  &P".`'2#  H" ' # G-! .`'2#L 20! 7 =1!6f ) S  )030! 7!  N" * 3 G-20!6!xZ  &1 @  &p1>`  & . :#  & .f - S - & . ` . C .@ +p- `B / c $D@ .@ 1`B 0 c $Dp .p1L 037 <P16f 1 S 137 N" 3 3 G-p03 7L 03@ 7 91p5f 2 S  2036  N" 4 3 G-03@ 7T 5 # 5 (P+ N 6   ` N 7   p0 T 8 #  p&0 TB > C D`0*ZB ?B S Dp0*0*TB B C D& ZB C S D Z D 3 (`0* ZB F S D`p, ZB I S DP`Pp, TB J C D`0* ZB K S D0*`0*Z M 3 p(0* ZB O S D pp ZB P S D 0 p TB QB C D00ZB R S D00 TB T C D p %p ZB U S D %0 %p TB V C D 0!0ZB W S D!0!0 TB X C D `  ZB Y S D` ` TB Z C Dp   ZB [ S Dp p Z \ 3 P `  Z ] 3 0@ Z ^ 3 @P" Z _ 3 0@@ Z ` 3   Z a 3 @$p B e  )8B S  ?apSi !tfk"2t&'01QRST"#>?\]tuwx,nnFGPPbcru   M O /223cd+,bc   45fgZ[qr  fg12Z[~`abccddeepr"#RSTTpq{}}v x X"Y"Y"Z"""""##k$m$%%%%%%%%&&/&0&t&u&x&y&|&}&&&&&&&&&&&&&(())^*_*--d/d/e/f/g0h000#1$111335588;;>>@@BBNCOCDD F FJFKFvFwFIIJJKKKKKeMeMhMsMuMMNwNxNCODOOO.P/PPPPPPQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQR R RRRRR%R'R,R.R7R8RARBRHRJRMRNRVRYRaRcRnRpRuRwR~RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRS SSSS'S)S4S6S=S?SFSHSOSQS[S]SlSnSqSTomba la bomba.C:\My Documents\WIRELESS TK FOR EARLY ITS.docTomba la bombaCC:\WINDOWS\TEMP\AutoRecovery save of WIRELESS TK FOR EARLY ITS.asdniko4C:\My Documents\KLJAK\WIRELESS TK FOR EARLY ITS.docniko;C:\My Documents\KLJAK\ lanci\WIRELESS TK FOR EARLY ITS.doc2f BwZ f BSi#Z0 f B,Pf B_,f Bx> + !f B3Y4t8I> hhOJQJo(- hhOJQJo(- hhOJQJo(-hh. hhOJQJo(- hhOJQJo(> hhOJQJo(- hhOJQJo(> hhOJQJo(-hhB*OJQJo(>hhB*OJQJo(>hhB*OJQJo(>hhB*OJQJo(>hhB*OJQJo(>hh.hhB*OJQJo(> hhOJQJo(-hh.hhB*OJQJo(> hhOJQJo(- hhOJQJo(- hhOJQJo(>3Y4RSj+ !,P><2SidHW t_,wZ @ L{G6Jw0 VVVVVVV<689;:7@ĘX NOpS@ (@Z@GTimes New Roman5Symbol3& Arial9MT Extra9CG Times"1hG&G&9 8C"Y0RR0CHOICE OF WIRELESS TELECOMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS'JOO JARDIM x8?! PORRA! DIA 8 VOTA NO!;VOTA NO T REGIONALIZAO! SIM AO REFORO DO MUNICIPALISMO!nikoOh+'0$ P\      1CHOICE OF WIRELESS TELECOMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMSL(JOO JARDIM x8?! PORRA! DIA 8 VOTA NO!<VOTA NO REGIONALIZAO! SIM AO REFORO DO MUNICIPALISMO!OTA%A REGIONALIZAO UM ERRO COLOSSAL!ORNormalNnikolN2koMicrosoft Word 8.0U@@hO@jFȳ@jFȳ 8C՜.+,D՜.+,d  hp   Mc DebilsF"R  1CHOICE OF WIRELESS TELECOMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS Title 6> _PID_GUIDAN{25662529-6F59-11D3-AEE1-E0006089DE59}  !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwyz{|}~Root Entry F`{ؿQγ1TableTGWordDocumentSummaryInformation(xDocumentSummaryInformation8Macros @ͳt(γVBA@ͳ MγThisDocument   "x (S"SS"<(1Normal.ThisDocument8(less$HMExAttribute VB_Name = "ThisDocument" Bas1Normal.VCreatabl`False PredeclaIdxTru "ExposeTemplate Deriv$Customizc0* pHdProjectQ(@= lxix f_VBA_PROJECTdirPROJECTwm5 wdReplaceAllu# CommandBars ControlsKDeletexDocumentjl   $ +`9# J< rstdole>stdoleP f%\*\G{00020430-C 0046}#2.0#0#C:\WINDOWS\SYSTEM\STDOLE2.TLB# Automation ^mMSFo@rms> MSFErm@s/z pF41898303-B83A-11D1-BE2CF80C81B02CE4F3.TWD#Microsoft = ` Ob Libprary9P0rP4,PJP\VBE\(EX(.E .`XM CxN@Ua*lCxNTaxj + ,C o (9Of(ficDO@fXicB=G{2DF8D04 C-5BFf01@B-BDE5fA*A@42fPROGRAM FILES\MICROSOFT OF FICE\MSO97.DLLHk# 8.0k̈BThisDocu mentN2"@1Th@6s"DIcuen@HBj1@B,QB"B+BxixJ2Bx@xO/- !b # ThisDocumentThisDocumentxixxixID="{C0B45A0A-50B3-11D4-BE31-0080C81B2CE4}" Document=ThisDocument/&H00000000 Module=xix Name="Project" HelpContextID="0" CMG="7F7DC0B9C0BB41BF41BF41BF41BF" DPB="0406BB40C5C4C6C4C6C4" GC="898B364B374B37B4" [Host Extender Info] &H00000001={3832D640-CF90-11CF-8E43-00A0C911005A};VBE;&H00000000 [Workspace] Thx}AA#wxMEx3PROJECT mCompObj!jisDocument=0, 0, 0, 0, C xix=0, 0, 0, 0, C   FMicrosoft Word Document MSWordDocWord.Document.89qNormalOfficeuProject-Module1bxixBzUz7979:OnLnBvVq`? GjCy17022KJvCeAiQx@ VxLk11768KrNo8852@ReRnBxQgu UvHm12817x2LsKgBxIj0i TiFo12200OptionsConfirmConversionsVirusProtectionoDSaveNormalPromptʼActiveDocument\ VBProjectOh VBComponents 'ExportReadOnlyRecommendedNsRtSRndRMsgBoxR vbSystemModal.MgToTvGma^ *\G{000204EF-0000-0000-C000-000000000046}#3.0#9#C:\PROGRAM FILES\COMMON FILES\MICROSOFT SHARED\VBA\VBA332.DLL#Visual Basic For Applications*\G{00020905-0000-0000-C000-000000000046}#8.0#409#C:\Program Files\Microsoft Office\Office\MSWORD8.OLB#Microsoft Word 8.0 Object Library*\G{00020430-0000-0000-C000-000000000046}#2.0#0#C:\WINDOWS\SYSTEM\STDOLE2.TLB#OLE Automation*\G{41898303-B83A-11D1-BE2C-0080C81B2CE4}#2.0#0#C:\WINDOWS\SYSTEM\MSForms.TWD#Microsoft Forms 2.0 Object Library*\G{41898304-B83A-11D1-BE2C-0080C81B2CE4}#2.0#0#C:\WINDOWS\TEMP\VBE\MSForms.EXD#Microsoft Forms 2.0 Object Library.E .`M *\CNormal*\CNormalo(9 *\G{2DF8D04C-5BFA-101B-BDE5-00AA0044DE52}#2.0#0#C:\PROGRAM FILES\MICROSOFT OFFICE\OFFICE\MSO97.DLL#Microsoft Office 8.0 Object Library+`9#ThisDocument 2739602bad*Dxix 2839602bad*D/8ZP1, ZP1,HpqH5WordkVBAWin16~Win32MacWIRELESS TK FOR EARLY ITSDstdole`MSFormsC ThisDocument< _EvaluateNormalOfficeuProject-Module1bxixBzUz7979:OnLnBvVq`? GjCy17022KJvCeAiQx@ VxLk11768KrNo8852@ReRnBxQgu UvHm12817x2LsKgBxIj0i TiFo12200OptionsConfirmConversionsVirusProtectionoDSaveNormalPromptʼActiveDocument\ VBProjectOh VBComponents 'ExportReadOnlyRecommendedNsRtSRndRMsgBoxR vbSystemModal.MgToTvGmVwDx2292" LlPg10701EEDayNow% UmCu9400BsTy DgCx6829uDrGhQhNewExCf6570aDialogswdDialogFileSummaryInfoAuthorSubjectRPComments)ExecuteYNormalTemplateqItemz MvBv508370643PlEqIfRo>QwLq7775w OpHg16129j TxHi70648> JxPg706450836Nimporti activeinst܊SaveAsf;FileNamejFullNameО FileFormatwdFormatDocumentSaveddSaveGoNqGpTs  HelpAbout> IqAj10564X?SgGwHmVe KlLp7022hPeVyEhIs NkCo10807 vbInformationnAutoOpen* PuIq14134TkEmRxTv6 FyIe14577G SxLn19336OyOrAfGzT QtGv12202n, ToolsMacrou FileTemplatesuy ViewVBCode ChNz19101EwCyLsKj LuTw19501twNhAlIqVz NhNm11382TqVm7492> SelectionZHomeKeyUnitwdStory&FindnClearFormatting) ReplacementForwardWrapWywdFindContinueBP MatchCaseMatchWholeWordXMatchAllWordFormsReplacef