Naslov
Subclinical Carotid Atherosclerosis Is Related to HIV Infection and Low Adherence to a Mediterranean Diet

Autori
Viskovic, Klaudija ; Rutherford, George W. ; Sudario, Gabriel ; Stemberger, Lorna ; Begovac, Josip

Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Sažeci sa skupova, sažetak, znanstveni

Izvornik
Program and Abstracts of The 19th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections Seattle / - , 2012, 386-386

Skup
Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (19 ; 2012)

Mjesto i datum
Seattle (WA), Sjedinjene Američke Države, 05.03.2012. - 08.03.2012

Vrsta sudjelovanja
Poster

Vrsta recenzije
Međunarodna recenzija

Ključne riječi
HIV infection ; Atherosclerosis ; Carotid Intima-media Thickness ; Diet ; Mediterranean

Sažetak
The Mediterranean diet is characterized by high consumption of legumes, fruits, vegetables, grains and olive oil, moderate intake of fish, wine and dairy products and a low consumption of red and processed meat, cream and pastries. We conducted a cross-sectional study on the association between consuming a Mediterranean diet on carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) and plaque area in HIV-infected subjects and HIV- uninfected controls between July 2009 and April 2011. We enrolled 131 participants ≥18 years without a history of cardiovascular disease (CVD) who had been treated with antiretroviral therapy for ≥1 year and 131 uninfected controls. We measured CIMT and plaque area using ultrasound broadband high-frequency linear transducer. We considered subclinical atherosclerosis (SA) to be present if a participant had CIMT ≥ 0.9 mm or a visible plaque in carotid arteries. A 14-point food-items questionnaire was used to assess adherence to the Mediterranean diet and the score was dichotomized at the median. We also examined traditional risk factors for SA: age, smoking, gender, family history of CVD, hypertension ; and HIV status. Statistical analysis included the chi- squared test and multivariable logistic regression analysis with SA as the dependent variable. Results: SA was found in 87 (33.2%) of 262 participants. We found low adherence to the Mediterranean diet (score <4) more frequently in uninfected controls (50%) than in HIV-infected individuals (34%) (p=0.006). In participants ≥45 years we found SA more frequently in HIV-infected individuals compared to controls (40 of 71 versus 40 of 100, p=0.035). In the multivariable model low adherence to the Mediterranean diet was significantly associated with SA (OR 2.5, 95% CI 1.2 to 5.0, p=0.010) along with smoking (OR 3.5), hypertension (systolic blood pressure >140 mmHg) (OR 2.8) and male gender (OR 2.4). At the age of 55 years the multivariable model suggested that HIV-infected individuals had 2.3 higher odds (95% CI 1.1 to 4.8) for SA compared to uninfected controls (p=0.031). Conclusions: Low adherence to the Mediterranean diet was an independent predictor of SA, and HIV infection was independently associated with SA in older individuals.

Izvorni jezik
Engleski

Znanstvena područja
Kliničke medicinske znanosti

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