Naslov
What medical biochemist should know about tuberculosis infection?
(Što medicinski biokemičar treba znati o tuberkuloznoj infekciji)

Autori
Dodig, Slavica

Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Sažeci sa skupova, sažetak, stručni

Izvornik
Biochemia medica - Symposium lectures abstracts / - Zagreb : Medicinska naklada, 2012, A18-A18

Skup
23rd Symposium Croatian Society for Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine. Tuberculous infection – continuous challenge

Mjesto i datum
Zagreb, Hrvatska, 22.09.2012

Vrsta sudjelovanja
Predavanje

Vrsta recenzije
Nije recenziran

Ključne riječi
tuberkulozna infekcija; laboratorijska medicina
(tuberculosis infection; laboratory medicine)

Sažetak
Immune response to M. tuberculosis is a classic example of the cell-mediated immunity. After uptake of M. tuberculosis in alveolar macrophages a several scenarios are possible: in healthy subjects M. tuberculosis may be destroyed immediately (in this case no adaptive T-cell response is developed). Mycobacteria which escape this destruction will multiply and macrophages will be disrupted. Inflammatory cells, including blood monocytes are attracted to the lung. Monocytes will differentiate into macrophages and ingest (not destroy) mycobacteria, so mycobacteria may multiply logarithmmically. Within 2 fo 6 weeks, T- cell-mediated immunity develops, i.e. antigen-specific T-lymphocytes arrive, proliferate, and activate macrophages (resulting in granuloma formation) to kill the intracellular mycobacteria. Subsequently, central necrosis inhibits extracellular growth of M. tuberculosis. In 90% of people infection may become dormant, and 10% of people may develop tuberculosis (TB). Protective anti-mycobacterial immunity involves many T-lymphocytes activating the macrophages and their microbicidal functions. Their activation requires the release of numerous cytokines, such as IL-12, IL-10, interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) or tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). Young children and elderly persons have the highest risk of development TB, since they have relatively weak immune defences, because of immature system (children) or age-related immune disfunction (elderly people). Persons with impaired immunity due to HIV infection or patients who must receive anti-TNF-α medication are at high risk of TB development. Microbiologic techniques (eg. finding of M. tuberculosis in culture) enable detection M. tuberculosis in biological specimens, and biochemical methods (eg. ex vivo determination of IFN-γ) enable detection tuberculosis infection even in latent stage.

Izvorni jezik
Engleski

Znanstvena područja
Kliničke medicinske znanosti, Farmacija

Napomena
Sažetak rada objavljen je u časopisu Biochemia Medica

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