Pregled bibliografske jedinice broj: 564664
Content effect on likelihood estimation of possible cases for disjunctions and conjunctions
Content effect on likelihood estimation of possible cases for disjunctions and conjunctions // 15th Psychology Days in Zadar: Book of Selected Proceedings / Ćubela Adorić, Vera (ur.).
Zadar: Sveučilište u Zadru, 2006. str. 399-412 (predavanje, međunarodna recenzija, cjeloviti rad (in extenso), znanstveni)
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Naslov
Content effect on likelihood estimation of possible cases for disjunctions and conjunctions
Autori
Valerjev, Pavle
Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Radovi u zbornicima skupova, cjeloviti rad (in extenso), znanstveni
Izvornik
15th Psychology Days in Zadar: Book of Selected Proceedings
/ Ćubela Adorić, Vera - Zadar : Sveučilište u Zadru, 2006, 399-412
ISBN
978-953-7237-21-9
Skup
15th Psychology Days in Zadar
Mjesto i datum
Zadar, Hrvatska, 25.05.2006. - 27.05.2006
Vrsta sudjelovanja
Predavanje
Vrsta recenzije
Međunarodna recenzija
Ključne riječi
reasoning ; mental models ; disjunction ; conjunction ; content effect
Sažetak
Results of previous likelihood estimation study (Valerjev, 2005) showed typical biases in conditional reasoning, as well as "purification effect" which manifested in more logical answers caused by concretization of task's content. The aim of this study is the application of the same paradigm on disjunctive and conjunctive propositions. According to mental model theory (Johnson-Laird & Byrne, 1991), inclusive disjunction of P or Q form can be problematic to solvers because it requires greater number of mental models. Solvers often restrict it to exclusive disjunction of Either P or Q form because of their bias to use working memory economically. Fifty psychology students estimated occurrence likelihood of four possible cases for two disjunction and one conjunction type, each for three levels of content (abstract, concrete neutral and concrete with social contract) in 3 x 3 factorial experiment. Results showed great similarity in answers for both disjunction types which confirmed initial hypothesis. Content effect did not fully separate those two types of disjunction, but increased the difference of estimation magnitude of exclusive cases PnotQ and notPQ related to PQ and notPnotQ cases which produced certain purification effect in answers. Content effect was studied on P and Q form conjunction propositions as well. The results were surprising. While purification effect took place as a consequence of content concretization for PnotQ and notPQ cases appearing as estimation magnitude decrease, quite unexpectedly, utterly illogical significant increase of estimation magnitude occurred for notPnotQ case.
Izvorni jezik
Engleski
Znanstvena područja
Psihologija
