Naslov
Pathogenicity and potential toxigenicity of seed-borne Fusarium spp. on soybean and pea

Autori
Ivić, Dario ; Cvjetković, Bogdan ; Peraica, Maja ; Miličević, Tihomir

Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Sažeci sa skupova, sažetak, znanstveni

Izvornik
Petria - Proceedings of the 13th Congress of the Mediterranean Phytopathological Union / Barba, Marina ; Motta, Emma ; Tomassoli, Laura ; Riccioni, Luca - Rim : CRA-PAV Plant Pathology Research Centre, 2010, 443-444

Skup
13th Congress of the mediterraneaen Phytopathological Union

Mjesto i datum
Rim, Italija, 20.06.2010. - 25.06.2010

Vrsta sudjelovanja
Predavanje

Vrsta recenzije
Međunarodna recenzija

Ključne riječi
Fusarium; soybean; pea; trichothecenes; fumonisins

Sažetak
Fungi of the genus Fusarium are important mycotoxin producers and plant pathogens which are often found on seed (Summerell et al., 2003). Using selective media, the presence of Fusarium species was examined on samples of soybean and pea seed. Seed infection on soybean varied from 6 % to 12 % (mean 9.4 %) while on pea it ranged from 3 % to 17 % (mean 9.6 %). Forty-seven isolates were collected from soybean, and 13 species were identified - F. sporotrichioides, F. equiseti, F. verticillioides, F. semitectum, F. pseudograminearum, F. sambucinum, F. chlamydosporum, F. crookwellense, F. oxysporum, F. poae, F. solani, F. proliferatum, and F. compactum. Forty-eight isolates were collected from pea, with 11 species identified - F. proliferatum, F. verticillioides, F. sporotrichioides, F. semitectum, F. scirpi, F. oxysporum, F. poae, F. compactum, F. equiseti, F. avenaceum, and F. culmorum. In germination tests on blotter paper inoculated with conidia, 33 out of the 47 tested isolates significantly reduced the number of normal soybean seedlings compared to control, while only six out of the 48 tested isolates significantly reduced the number of normal pea seedlings comparing it to control. When inoculated on plants grown on Hoagland's No. 2 nutrient media, nearly all Fusarium isolates caused necrosis of soybean and pea root. Despite root necrosis, none of the isolates significantly reduced shoot and root dry mass of inoculated pea. None of the isolates significantly reduced shoot dry mass of soybean plants, but five isolates (species F. sporotrichioides, F. pseudograminearum and F. equiseti) significantly reduced root dry mass of inoculated plants. The presence of tri5 gene, essential for trichothecene mycotoxins biosynthesis (Niessen et al., 2004), was analysed with PCR in 38 isolates from soybean and 13 isolates from pea belonging to species which are potential trichothecene producers. Positive PCR reaction was observed in 15 isolates from soybean (species F. sporotrichioides, F. crookwellense, F. pseudograminearum, F. sambucinum, F. equiseti and F. chlamydosporum) and four isolates from pea (F. sporotrichioides, F. poae and F. culmorum). To test whether soybean and pea grain are conductive substrates for trichothecene production, autoclaved soybean, pea and barley grain, used for comparison, were inoculated with eight isolates of F. sporotrichioides and the quantity of T-2 toxin produced in 28 days was determined. Concentrations of T-2 toxin produced ranged between 69.4 μg/kg and 2595.5 μg/kg, and no significant differences were determined between toxin production on soybean and barley grain, neither did on pea and barley grain. The presence of FUM1 gene, essential for fumonisin mycotoxins biosynthesis (Baird et al., 2008), was analysed with PCR in seven isolates from soybean and 27 isolates from pea belonging to species which are potential fumonisin producers. Positive PCR reaction was observed in all isolates from soybean (species F. verticillioides and F. proliferatum) and 24 isolates from pea (F. verticillioides and F. proliferatum). Production of fumonisin B1 after 28 days was analysed on autoclaved soybean, pea, and maize grain, used for comparison, inoculated with eight isolates of F. verticillioides. The quantity of fumonisin B1 produced on inoculated soybean and pea grain after 28 days was not significantly different than on non-inoculated control, but it was neither significant on inoculated and non-inoculated maize grain.

Izvorni jezik
Engleski

Znanstvena područja
Poljoprivreda (agronomija)

POVEZANOST RADA