Naslov
Effects of pirimiphos-methyl and its mixtures with bentazon, metolachlor, malathion, terbutilazin and temephos on histological changes of body wall of earthworm Eisenia andrei

Autori
Velki, Mirna

Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Sažeci sa skupova, sažetak, znanstveni

Izvornik
International Life Sciences Students Conference 2009 - Meeting the future of life sciences / - , 2009

Skup
International Life Sciences Students Conference

Mjesto i datum
Kijev, Ukrajina, 19.08.2009. - 23.08.2009

Vrsta sudjelovanja
Predavanje

Vrsta recenzije
Međunarodna recenzija

Ključne riječi
earthworm; histological changes; pesticide; mixtures; biomarker

Sažetak
Earthworms can represent a major fraction of the soil invertebrate biomass (>80%) and play a variety of important roles in soil ecosystems. Their activities of feeding, burrowing, mixing and casting all act to form soil aggregates, aerate the soil, and improve soil water infiltration and holding capacity that improve soil habitat structure. Because of these important roles and a high sensitivity to chemicals in soil, earthworms are often used as test organisms in soil toxicity testing and in ecotoxicological assessment of toxicant impacts on ecosystems. Since earthworms' activities are deeply affected by cultivation, fertilizer and especially pesticide applications, the aim of this study was to investigate and evaluate effects of pirimiphos-methyl and its mixtures with bentazone, metolachlor, malathion, terbuthylazine and temephos on histological changes of body wall of earthworm Eisenia andrei. All experiments were conducted by the paper contact toxicity method (OECD, 1984). The adult earthworms Eisenia andrei were exposed to pirimiphos-methyl (0.1 μg/cm2 and 0.75 μg/cm2), mixture of pirimiphos-methyl (0.75 μg/cm2) and bentazone (50 μg/cm2), mixture of pirimiphos-methyl (0.75 μg/cm2) and metolachlor (0.75 μg/cm2), mixture of pirimiphos-methyl (0.75 μg/cm2) and malathion (0.1 μg/cm2), mixture of pirimiphos-methyl (0.75 μg/cm2) and terbuthylazine (40 μg/cm2), and mixture of pirimiphos-methyl (0.75 μg/cm2) and temephos (1 μg/cm2) for a period of 24h. Every two hours earthworms were sacrificed and tissue samples were taken. After fixation, dehydration and infiltration, embedding, sectioning and staining (hematoxylin and eosin), the sections were examined under microscope, photographed and analyzed. Results of this study showed that effects of pirimiphos-methyl and its mixtures with bentazone, metolachlor, malathion, terbuthylazine and temephos exhibited significant histological microstructure changes of earthworms’ body wall such as necrosis in muscular cells, deformations in circular and longitudinal muscles and tissue erosion leading to total damage of body wall. Since the term biomarker is referring to the use of biochemical, histological or physiological alteration as indicators of xenobiotic’s effects, these histological changes can be used to indicate exposure to various environmental substances in epidemiology and toxicology. This study has been conducted to detect the histological changes that occur as a result of pesticide exposure. Observed histological changes provided a clear indication of the damage caused in the tissue of exposed earthworms. Since biomarkers offer an early warning system in biomonitoring before other disturbances as disease, mortality or population changes occur, they can be used to protect the whole ecosystem from toxic chemicals which are released to it in different ways. Therefore these histological changes, in combination with other biomarkers, can give us information about the effect of pollutants to individuals and preferably, through to a population, community and ecosystem level.

Izvorni jezik
Engleski

Znanstvena područja
Biologija

POVEZANOST RADA