Naslov
Determination of ammonia and carbon dioxide in exhaust gases during composting of tobacco waste in a closed reactor

Autori
Kučić, Dajana ; Kopčić, Nina ; Ćosić, Ivana ; Vuković, Marija ; Briški, Felicita

Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Radovi u zbornicima skupova, cjeloviti rad (in extenso), znanstveni

Izvornik
3rd International Symposium on Enviromental Management / Natalija Koprivanec, Hrvoje Kušić and Ana Lončarić Božić - Zagreb : Fakultet kemijskog inženjerstva i tehnologije Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, 2011, 280-286

ISBN
978-953-6470-55-6

Skup
SEM 2011

Mjesto i datum
Zagreb, Hrvatska, 26.10.2011. - 28.10.2011

Vrsta sudjelovanja
Ostalo

Vrsta recenzije
Međunarodna recenzija

Ključne riječi
Composting; tobacco waste; adiabatic closed reactor; ammonia and carbon dioxide emissions

Sažetak
Solid waste accumulated during the processing of tobacco for cigarette manufacture mostly contains tobacco particles and flavouring agents. The main characteristic of that waste is a lower than optimal C/N ratio and a high content of nicotine as a toxic substance. Tobacco waste is classified as agro-industrial waste and as such can be decomposed by composting. Ammonia is one of the main compounds responsible for generation of offensive odours, and atmospheric pollution when composting organic wastes with high nitrogen content. The objective of this work was to determine amount of ammonia and carbon dioxide in the exhaust gases during composting of tobacco waste. Composting process was carried out with forced aeration (0.66 L min-1 kgVS0-1) in column reactor (10 L) under adiabatic conditions during 26 days. During the process, temperature changes in the reactor, pH value, C/N ratio and mesophilic and thermophilic microorganisms in the mixed microbial culture were closely monitored while evolved CO2 and NH3 were analyzed periodically. Ammonia was measured both in the condensate and in 4 % boric acid trap while CO2 was trapped in 1 M NaOH. It was found that emission of carbon dioxide depended on temperature while emission of ammonia mainly depended on pH value in composting mass. The most of carbon dioxide was evolved in the first several days of composting process due to the highest activity of microorganisms. At the end of the process total CO2 evolved (per kilogram of initial volatile solids) was 302.0 g kgVS0-1. No significant amount of ammonia was detected until day fifteen. Total NH3 evolved during 26 days of composting was 2.972 g kgVS0-1 and it was found that condensate contained approximately 80% of that amount.

Izvorni jezik
Engleski

Znanstvena područja
Kemijsko inženjerstvo

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