аЯрЁБс>ўџ 35ўџџџ2џџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџџьЅС5@№ПS!bjbjЯ2Я2 ."­X­X/џџџџџџˆАААААААФШШШШ,є ФƒЖ     ч орррррр$9R‹ j9АdччddАА  л=FFFdFА А оFdоF0FvААv  p9(›4|ЬШЊ^vТS0ƒvѕ 4ѕ vФФААААѕ АvL0E"FgƒсФФШ< ФФШThe lack of association of GABRA2 polymorphism and alcohol dependence in Croatian population Dubravka `vob `traca, Gordana Nedia, Matea Nikolaca, Korona Nenadi `viglinb, Maja Mustapia, Dorotea Mќck-`elera and Nela Pivaca a Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruer Boakovi Institute, Zagreb, Croatia b Center for Alcoholism and other Addictions, Psychiatric Hospital Vrap e, Zagreb, Croatia g№-aminobutyric acidA (GABAA) receptors, the major fast inhibitory neurotransmitter receptors in the brain, are implicated in the acute and chronic effects of alcohol including tolerance, dependence and withdrawal. Recent studies have suggested a linkage of alcohol dependence to the gene encoding GABAA receptor a№2 subunit (GABRA2), on chromosome 4p. Therefore we examined the association of alcohol dependence to rs9291283 (hCV8262290) polymorphism, located in the intron 3 of GABRA2 gene, that has been previously reported to be implicated in alcoholism. This study enrolled 379 (303 male and 76 female) alcohol-dependent (diagnosis of alcoholism was made according to DSM-IV criteria) and 226 (198 male and 28 female) healthy subjects of the Croatian origin. Alcohol-dependent patients were further subdivided according to the early/late onset of alcohol drinking, as well as to the presence/absence of aggressive behavior. Genotyping was performed by using TaqMan Real-Time allelic discrimination technique after extraction of DNA from the whole blood with a salting out procedure. There were no significant differences in the distribution of genotypes or in the frequency of different allele carriers for tested polymorphism between alcohol-dependent and control individuals, as well as between different subsets of alcoholics. The results have not provided&dfŠИКМтф  " $ & T V Z \ b d t v Š ž   О Р Т Ф Ц ј№ј№јш№лвЦКЏКЏКЏЂ“Ђˆ€ˆ€tЂjКЂКЏbUh*h*B*H*ph# h*B*ph# h*0JB*phh*hе~H*mH sH hе~B*ph# h*h*B*ph# h*h*0JB*H*phh*h*0JB*phh*h*mH sH h*h*H*mH sH h*h*>*mH sH h*>*mH sH hfГhJ~’0JmH sH hfГmH sH hе~mH sH hJ~’mH sH  КМТ Ф \   S!№сссссвв$dh7$8$H$a$gdё r$dh7$8$H$a$gdўoУ$dh7$8$H$a$gdJ~’S!ўЦ Ш а $ \ ^ ` Ќ ь     : < H J n p „ † ˆ š Њ Ќ Ў ічлчЯЦЛГЛчЇ˜rf[SHhJ~’hJ~’mH sH hJ~’mH sH hўoУh*mH sH hўoУh*H*mH sH hўoУh*OJQJmH sH hўoУhё rH*mH sH hўoУhё rmH sH hўoУhё rOJQJmH sH hе~OJQJmH sH h*mH sH h*h*mH sH h*H*mH sH h*h*H*mH sH h*B*mH ph# sH h*h*B*mH ph# sH h*B*H*ph# Ў Ю а в ф ш (>?KƒŽЖЗЫљњ:l‚ƒŒЏЮмфьэюѕэтѕктэвЧМтБ •Š•т‚т‚тtcUcUcUcUchўoУ0JB*mH phsH !hўoУhўoУ0JB*mH phsH h*0JB*mH phsH hе~mH sH hJВhе~mH sH hJВhё rmH sH !hJВhJВ0JB*mH phsH hJВhJ~’mH sH hўoУh› ЇmH sH h› Їh› ЇmH sH h№gпmH sH hJ~’mH sH hўoУhё rmH sH h› ЇmH sH hўoУhJ~’mH sH '(EšžЉЊЏБЦЧШджт&0?ёрерЧрЖЅЧЅ—р‰р‰рxgVёEёE!h№gпhpEv0JB*mH phsH !hpEvhpEv0JB*mH phsH !hpEvhўoУ0JB*mH phsH !hpEvh KЎ0JB*mH phsH hўoУ0JB*mH phsH h*0JB*mH phsH !hўoУhJ~’0JB*mH phsH !hJ~’hJ~’0JB*mH phsH hе~0JB*mH phsH hўoУhё rmH sH !hўoУhўoУ0JB*mH phsH hpEv0JB*mH phsH ?@~‰‹ОПРлм : d l ~ € !!+!,!:!R!S!юнЬнЛ­ŸŽŸŒŽŽŽpŽep]RhJВhJ~’mH sH hJВmH sH hJВhе~mH sH !hJВhе~0JB*mH phsH hJВhJВmH sH U!hJВhJВ0JB*mH phsH hJВ0JB*mH phsH hJ~’0JB*mH phsH !h№gпh KЎ0JB*mH phsH !h№gпh› Ї0JB*mH phsH !h№gпhўoУ0JB*mH phsH !h KЎhpEv0JB*mH phsH  supporting evidence for the potential involvement of the rs9291283 (hCV8262290) GABRA2 polymorphism in the alcohol dependence. However, since these are preliminary results, further studies with enlarged groups should be conducted in order to find a possible association of investigated polymorphism and alcoholism in Croatian population. ,1hА‚. АЦA!А‰"А‰#‰$‰%ААФАФ Фœ@@ёџ@ NormalCJ_HaJmHsHtHDA@ђџЁD Default Paragraph FontRiѓџГR  Table Normalі4ж l4жaі (kєџС(No List 8ўOЂё8 ё rapple-style-spanBўOЂB ё rapple-converted-space/"џџџџ]^ст.‰Š1˜0˜0€€˜0€€˜0€€˜0€€˜0€€˜0€€p˜0€€ €Ц Ў ?S! S! S! №8№@ёџџџ€€€ї№’№№0№( № №№B №S №ПЫџ ?№џџ OLE_LINK1/1F1џџЂ3~ m!Ѓ3~\ЊїЄ3~Ќžїyy1ˆˆ19*€urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags€place€8*€urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags€City€B*€urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags€country-region€ ^fgkВКХЩЪЯ1т-./ѕšœŸЖ)|ЏТ1333333ŠПРЫЫ.11џџDubravka `vob `trac х *е~,$Vё r