Naslov
Exploration and Production Activities in northern Adriatic Sea (Croatia), successful joint venture INA (Croatia) and ENI (Italy)

Autori
Malvić, Tomislav ; Đureković, Miro ; Šikonja, Želimir ; Čogelja, Zoran ; Ilijaš, Tomislav ; Kruljac, Igor

Izvornik
Nafta : exploration, production, processing, petrochemistry (0027-755X) 62 (2011), 9-10; 287-296

Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Radovi u časopisima, pregledni rad, stručni

Ključne riječi
northern Adriatic Sea ; Po Depression ; Pleistocene ; sands ; gas ; field development ; Croatia

Sažetak
Exploration efforts in Croatian part of Northern Adriatic started in 1970 with 2D seismic acquisition and exploration drilling. Till 1995 more than 16, 000 km of 2D seismic were acquired and 80 wells drilled. During early 80-s, several gas fields of significant production potential were discovered. Gas reservoirs are in unconsolidated to poor consolidated Pleistocene sands of the Po Depression (Ivana Formation in Croatia, Ravenna and Carola in Italy). Traps are structural and structural-stratigraphic, mostly formed as a result of differential compaction, also supported with folding, Mesozoic palaeorelief and lateral facies changing. Biogenic gas is trapped “in situ”, composed mainly of methane with very low quantities of nitrogen. Due to the lack of infrastructure and technological problems related to the sand control, the development of the fields was postponed till 1996, when the implementation of, at that time, state-of-the-art sand control technology started. Most of the production wells were dual-completed with high rate water pack and/or “frac & pack” (FracPack) sand control technique applied. This technology was proved very efficient when developing unconsolidated reservoirs. Successful implementation of sand control increased expectations and encouraged partners (INA and ENI) to invest (via joint venture INAgip) in new exploration and production cycle. Since 1996 approximately 5, 000 km2 of 3D seismic were acquired, 12 new exploration wells were drilled and additional 7 gas fields discovered. INAgip developed 9 gas fields with 105 gas reservoirs, drilled more than 40 production wells, installed 19 production platforms and reached average production of approximately 30, 000 boe/day.

Izvorni jezik
Hrvatski, engleski

Znanstvena područja
Geologija, Rudarstvo, nafta i geološko inženjerstvo

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