Naslov
Characterization of organic contaminants in municipal wastewater of the city of Zagreb by chemical methods and bioassays

Autori
Ahel, Marijan ; Lončar, Jovica ; Mikac, Iva ; Popović, Marta ; Senta, Ivan ; Terzić, Senka ; Žaja, Roko ; Tollefsen, Knut-Erik ; Thomas, Kevin V. ; Smital, Tvrtko

Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Sažeci sa skupova, sažetak, znanstveni

Izvornik
The First Joint PSE-SETAC Conference on Ecotoxicology - Ecotoxicology in the real world : Book of abstracts / - Krakov : Jagiellonian University & Polish Society of Ecotoxicology & Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry - Central and Eastern Europe Branch, 2009, 50-50

Skup
Joint PSE-SETAC Conference on Ecotoxicology - Ecotoxicology in the real world (1 ; 2009)

Mjesto i datum
Kraków, Poljska, 16.09.2009. - 19.09.2009

Vrsta sudjelovanja
Predavanje

Vrsta recenzije
Međunarodna recenzija

Ključne riječi
organic contaminants ; municipal wastewater ; mass spectrometry ; bioassays

Sažetak
Municipal wastewaters belong to the most important sources of various contaminants into the aquatic environments. Their relative contribution to the overall contaminant loads in ambient waters is especially high in developing countries like Croatia, which are characterised by poor wastewater management practices with only small percentage of the totally produced wastewaters being treated before the discharge (Kastelan-Macan et al. 2007). The composition of municipal wastewaters is, usually, very complex, including a large number of regulated and non-regulated contaminants. Simultaneous application of highly specific chemical analyses for the molecular characterisation and bioassays for the assessment of the toxic potential of wastewater offers some clear advantages over the simple approach (Grung et al. 2007). The aim of this study was a comprehensive characterisation of the hazardous contamination in raw wastewater and secondary effluent of the city of Zagreb using a combination of chemical methods and battery of bioassays. 24-hour composite samples of raw wastewater and secondary effluent were collected in the wastewater treatment plant of the city of Zagreb and extracted using Oasis HLB cartridges. The Oasis HLB extracts were divided into two identical aliquots for chemical analyses and bioassays. The molecular characterisation of identifiable compounds was performed using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and liquid chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC/Q-ToF). The battery of bioassays included determination of chronic toxicity with unicellular algae Selenastrum capricornutum, EROD activity in the PLHC-1 cells, glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity in the PLHC-1 cells, inhibitors the multixenobiotic resistance mechanism (MXR), the Ames test and Yeast Estrogen Screen (YES) assay. Wastewater of the city of Zagreb showed a complex composition of organic contaminants, indicating possible impacts of both domestic and industrial sources. The concentrations of various contaminant classes varied over extremely wide ranges, from few ng/l for hydrophobic contaminants to few mg/l for the major surfactants. The bioassays revealed significant toxic effects for raw wastewater extracts as reflected in an enhanced chronic toxicity, EROD activity, MXR inhibition and estrogenic potential. Activated sludge treatment proved to be an effective procedure for the reduction of the observed toxic effects, which was also reflected in comparatively lower concentrations of all contaminant classes in secondary effluents. References Kastelan-Macan M, Ahel M, Horvat A J M, Jabucar D, Jovancic P (2007) Water resources and waste water management in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia and the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro, Water Policy 9: 319-343. Grung M, Lichtenthaler R, Ahel M, Tollefsen K-E, Langford K, Thomas K V (2007) Effects-directed analysis of organic toxicants in wastewater effluent from Zagreb, Croatia. Chemosphere 67: 108-120.

Izvorni jezik
Engleski

Znanstvena područja
Geologija

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