Naslov
Primerjava različnih metod raziskovanja kapacitete vizualnega delovnega spomina
(A comparison of methods in the research of visual working memory capacity)

Autori
Švegar, Domagoj

Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Ocjenski radovi, magistarski rad

Fakultet
Filozofska fakulteta

Mjesto
Ljubljana

Datum
26.06

Godina
2008

Stranica
123

Mentor
Polič, Marko

Ključne riječi
vidno radno pamćenje; detekcija promjene
(visual working memory; change detection)

Sažetak
The subject of the present study was a review and a comparison of behavioral research methods in the field of visual working memory capacity research. The most common paradigm in that field is the change detection paradigm - a procedure in which two sets of stimuli are presented. These two displays are separated by an interstimulus interval, during which a change may occur, usually on one of the stimuli. Participants' task is to answer if change had occurred or not, and visual working memory is then estimated through analyses of their performance. Although there are debates about the nature of visual information storage and maintainance, all prominent researchers have reached the consensus that visual working memory is surely limited to not more then 4-5 items. That belief was challenged in the present study. In previous studies, different kinds of variables were varied (e.g. set size, type of test display, type and complexity of visual material, duration of interstimulus interval, etc.), but all the experiments were based on the same template: a) short simultaneous exposition of stimuli ; b) retention interval during which a change may occur ; c) test. Since all relevant behavioral research was based on the classical change detection paradigm, the goal of this experiment was to test the memory for simple single-feature objects by a different procedure. In order to do that, an experimental design was constructed, in which the type of initial presentation of stimuli was manipulated. Participants' performance in classical change detection tasks was compared to performance in modified change detection tasks with successive initial presentation of stimuli. It was found that, compared to simultaneous presentation, successive presentation of stimuli had no positive effects on participants' performance. That means that in previous experiments (e.g. Vogel et al., 2001 ; Wheeler & Treisman, 2002 ; Alvarez & Cavanagh, 2004), visual working memory capacity was not underestimated. Consequently, that result corroborates that classical change detection paradigm is a valid tool for assessing visual working memory capacity and that visual working memory capacity is indeed limited to not more then 4 objects. Finally, the new method of visual working memory capacity assessment was constructed. In contrast to Pashler's (1988) formula, which is based on hit rates and false alarm rates, this procedure estimates visual working capacity via percentages of correct answers: C% = IP * (PC −50) / 50.

Izvorni jezik
Engleski

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