Naslov
Development and optimization of the SPE procedure for determination of pharmaceuticals in water samples by HPLC-diode array detection

Autori
Mutavdžić Pavlović, Dragana ; Babić, Sandra ; Dolar, Davor ; Ašperger, Danijela ; Košutić, Krešimir ; Horvat, Alka J.M. ; Kaštelan-Macan, Marija

Izvornik
Journal of separation science (1615-9306) 33 (2010), 2; 258-267

Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Radovi u časopisima, članak, znanstveni

Ključne riječi
pharmaceuticals ; SPE cartridges ; HPLC-diode array detection ; production wastewater ; membrane treatment

Sažetak
This paper focuses on the investigation of different types of solid-phase extraction (SPE) sorbents for the preconcentration of eight veterinary pharmaceuticals from water samples. The pharmaceuticals studied were sulfamethazine, sulfadiazine, sulfaguanidine, trimethoprim, oxytetracycline, enrofloxacin, norfloxacin and penicillin G/ procaine. Five different SPE materials (Strata-X, Strata-X-C, Strata SDB-L, Strata C8 and Strata C18) from Phenomenex were compared to Oasis HLB with a view to obtaining the best cartridges for all pharmaceuticals investigated. Extraction efficiency was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with diode array detection (DAD). HPLC-DAD separation and quantification of the selected pharmaceuticals was carried out under gradient elution by a binary mixture of 0.01 M oxalic acid and acetonitrile based on cyano modified column (LiChrosphere 100 CN) from Merck. Strata-X provided the best results in the preconcentration of 100 mL water samples, yielding average pharmaceutical recoveries of higher than 90 %, except for sulfaguanidine (76.1 %). The developed Strata-X-HLPC-DAD method was validated and applied, for the efficient investigation of RO/NF membranes and for the removal of these eight pharmaceuticals from the production wastewater samples. NF90 and XLE membranes were shown to be the best for the rejection of all investigated pharmaceuticals.

Izvorni jezik
Engleski

Znanstvena područja
Kemija, Temeljne tehničke znanosti

POVEZANOST RADA