ࡱ> @B?'`-bjbj .2` ` ` ` 4 U  $AhQ6 66 6&  6 HX=` \<Usss h JW <   U6666\\ PLEISTOCENE AND HOLOCENE SEDIMENTS IN VELA SPILA CAVE, CROATIA LJ. PAVICIC*, M. MILEUSNIC** & D. RADIC*** *Institute for Quaternary Paleontology and Geology, Croatian Academy of Science and Arts, Zagreb, Croatia ( HYPERLINK "mailto:ljpavicic@hazu.hr" ljpavicic@hazu.hr) **Faculty of Mining, Geology and Petroleum Engineering, Zagreb, Croatia ***Cultural Center, Vela Luka, Croatia Vela Spila cave is situated on the Pinski rat hill near the town Vela Luka on the island of Kor ula, Croatia. It is one of the richest archaeological and paleontological sites in Eastern Adriatic. Archaeologists have proved the continuity of human occupation of Vela Spila cave through Early Neolithic untill Early Bronze Age, and periodic human inhabitation through Upper Palaeolithic and Mesolithic ( e uk & Radi, 2005). First sedimentological research was conducted in 2002, when the western profile of main trench was described and the distinctive tephra layer, dated from 15 ka ago, found (Radi et al., 2008). Since then the trench has been extended during the archaeological excavations in 2004 and 2006 when deeper Pleistocene sediments were opened. New sedimentological investigations begun in 2008, in order to gain more information regarding the formation of sediments, as well as paleoenvironmental and palaeoclimatic conditions during their deposition. Four stratigraphic profiles of main trench were drawn, and more than 40 samples were taken for laboratory analyses. Laboratory investigations are based on detailed sedimentological (grain size analyses; microscopic analyses), geochemical (major, trace and rare earth element analyses; total sulphur and carbon determinations; carbonate and organic matter content, pH and electrical conductivity determinations) and mineralogical analyses (powder XRD analyses of bulk samples, as well as, XRD analyses of the random and oriented samples of clay fractions < 2 (m and cation exchange capacity determinations) of sampled fine grained sediment. Sedimentological and petrographical analyses of thin sections of carbonate clasts and grain size and morphometric analyses are performed on the samples of carbonate breccia. We will present the first results of laboratory analyses from samples taken in eastern profile A-A' which comprises the whole range of recently opened Pleistocene deposits as well as the distinctive boundary layer between Palaeolithic and Mesolithic sediments. Based on these analyses three Pleistocene horizons can be distinguished: a) Lower horizon represents massive coarse grained beds with very little or no matrix, with subangular to angular platy or bladed carbonate clasts, mostly remnants from the bedrock disintegration and ceiling collapses. There is little evidence of human occupation of the cave in this period. b) Middle horizon consists of thiner, mostly lenticular sandy-silty gravels which show strong anthropogenic influence (great amount of bones, stone tool fragments, charcoal, high organic content and less carbonate minerals). Some carboniferous and clay lenses are interpreted as fire-places. c) Upper horizon is marked mostly by gravely-sandy silts with lower anthropogenic factor and higher carbonate component. It comprises the boundary layer between Pleistocene and Holocene (Palaeolithic and Mesolithic) which is distinctive layer of matrix supported, very poorly sorted, gravely silt with large carbonate blocks implanted into finer sediments deforming the layer beneath (visible deformation structures). The uppermost analized layer belongs to Mesolithic (Holocene), proved by radiometric C14 dating as well as by fossil remains (fish bones, marine fauna shells, small mammal bones) which reflects changing environment (uprising sea-le(l and changing climate conditions). Investigations of  >?@jk   I Z [ ^ _ m κΨΊ|n]L>LhcCJ^JaJmHsH hh>CJ^JaJmHsH hhc'CJ^JaJmHsHh[CJ^JaJmH sH hc'CJ^JaJmH sH  h[h[CJ^JaJmH sH h&)jh[0JCJaJ#jh&)jh[CJUaJjh[CJUaJhc'CJaJh[CJaJhhjzhhX5CJaJhO5CJaJhhjz5CJaJ?@k [ ((yGC$Eƀgddgdd 7$8$H$gdd 7$8$H$gd[ $7$8$H$a$gd>$a$gd> $@&a$gdW~$a$gd-  * , 8 N \  ( h r | : R \ p $<>@J^d׼ϼ״ϴϴ״״hZ+hiEmHnHsH uh mHnHsH uh mH sH hZ+hQKXmH sH h>mH sH hQKXmH sH h8mH sH h'h'mH sH h'mH sH hZ+h'mH sH hh>^JmHsH hhc'CJ^JaJmHsH2%S^Rclo '7L[  û˱uh5 Oh5 O6mH sH hZ+h|/mH sH h5 OmH sH h|/h|/6mH sH h6mH sH h|/mH sH hiE^JmH sH h8mH sH hQKXmH sH hiEmH sH h mH sH  jmhZ+hiEmH sH hZ+hiE6mH sH hZ+hiEmH sH +$  :;GHuz"/189G((2(H(^(ǻϧϧϟ{phhfhhUh8mH sH hPchPcmH sH hPcH*mH sH hmH sH hZ+hQ3mH sH hPcmH sH hQ3mH sH hVCmH sH hh5 O6mH sH hh6mH sH hmH sH hggmH sH hZ+hggmH sH h5 OmH sH h5 Oh5 O6mH sH h86mH sH (Vela Spila cave sediments are still in progress and represent good collaboration between archaeologists and geologists. e uk, B. & Radi, D. (2005): Vela spila. Viaeslojno pretpovijesno nalaziate Vela Luka  otok Kor ula. Centar za kulturu  Vela Luka . ^(h(|(((((0))*,&,*,,,,-----~l[SB8h>^JmH sH  h) h>CJ^JaJmH sH h'mH sH  h) h@CJaJmH sH #hh5@CJaJmHsH#hh6@CJaJmHsHUhhCJaJmHsHhh5CJaJmHsHhh6CJaJmHsHhh8mH sH h'mHnHsH uh0mHnHsH uhZ+h0mHnHsH uh0mH sH hPcmH sH Vela Luka. p. 300. Radi, D., Lugovi, B. & Marjanac, Lj. (2008): Napuljski ~uti tuf (NYT) iz pleistocenskih naslaga u Veloj spili na Kor uli: dragocjeni marker prijelaza iz paleolitika u mezolitik. Opvsc. archeol., 31, 7-26. (*,------$a$gd 7$8$H$gd[`gdd;*$^`;gdd ;^`;gdd---h[h[CJaJh>h>^JmH sH ,1h. 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