Naslov
Nosocomial infections in critically ill infectious disease patients: results of a 7-year focal surveillance

Autori
Baršić, Bruno ; Beus, Ivan ; Marton, Eduard ; Himbele, Josip ; Klinar, Igor

Izvornik
Infection (0300-8126) 27 (1999), 1; 16-22

Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Radovi u časopisima, članak, znanstveni

Ključne riječi
nosocomial infections; critically ill infectious disease patients

Sažetak
An incidence study about nosocomial infections in critically ill infectious disease patients was carried out in the Intensive Care Unit of a University Hospital for Infectious Diseases over a seven year period (January 1st, 1990 to December 31st, 1996). A total of 660 patients who stayed more than 48 hours in the ICU were prospectively observed. The patients were divided into two groups: a group of patients with central nervous system infections (442 patients) and those with other severe infections (218 patients). The risk of nosocomial sepsis and pneumonia was significantly higher in patients suffering from severe central nervous system infections. The incidence of sepsis was 24.2% vs. 11.4% (relative risk 1.95 ; 95% confidence interval 1.32-2.89) ; the incidence of pneumonia was 30.5% vs. 14.7% (relative risk 2.09 ; 95% confidence interval 1.47-2.96). The incidence of urinary tract infection was 14.3% vs. 13.3% (relative risk 1.07 ; 95% confidence interval 0.71-1.61). Density rates of nosocomial septic episodes were 21.1+/-37.1 vs. 11.7+/-32.4 episodes /100 central venous line-days (p<0.006). Nosocomial pneumonia occurred only in mechanically ventilated patients (36.9+/-61.2 vs. 28.5+/-65.8 episodes per 1000 ventilatory days, p=0.012). Nosocomial urinary tract infection occurred only in patients with urinary catheters (11.6+/-60.7 episodes/1000 urinary catheter days vs. 18.7+/-90.1, p=0.886). Multivariate regression analysis identified age, diagnosis of CNS infection, duration of urinary tract catheterisation, of the use of central venous lines and of mechanical ventilation as independent risk factors of nosocomial sepsis. Duration of mechanical ventilation, use of steroids and diagnosis of CNS infection were independent risk factors of nosocomial pneumonia. Subanalysis identified tetanus patients to be at particular risk of nosocomial infections.

Izvorni jezik
Engleski

Znanstvena područja
Javno zdravstvo i zdravstvena zaštita

POVEZANOST RADA