Naslov
Mouth and HIV - an update

Autori
Alajbeg, Ivan, Brailo, Vlaho ; Cekić-Arambašin, Ana

Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Sažeci sa skupova, sažetak, stručni

Izvornik
Abstract Book of the 23rd IUSTI-EUROPE Conference on sexually transmitted infections and HIV/AIDS / Skerlev, Mihael - Zagreb, 2007

Skup
The 23rd IUSTI-EUROPE Conference on sexually transmitted infections and HIV/AIDS

Mjesto i datum
Cavtat, Hrvatska, 11.10.2007. - 14.10.2007

Vrsta sudjelovanja
Pozvano predavanje

Vrsta recenzije
Nije recenziran

Ključne riječi
HIV; oral lesions; HIV; transmission risk; dental treatment in HIV

Sažetak
HIV infection and dental profession have bi-directional relationship: oral manifestations of HIV infection represent early indicators of the disease, and dentist thus has important position in diagnosis and treatment of oral diseases associated with HIV ; furthermore, standard dental procedures involve certain HIV-exposure risks for health care providers (or for patients). Oral lesions, risks, attitudes and therapies of HIV have substantially evolved in industrialized world, including Croatia, since initial manifestations described in 1982. This paper aims to update on the spectrum of oral lesions strongly associated with HIV (candidiasis, hairy leukoplakia, Kaposi's sarcoma, Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, periodontal disease), as well as on prevalence patterns switching in the HAART era. The changes are particularly evident as a decrease in incidence of opportunistic oral infections that served as sensitive clinical markers of immunosuppression, and an increase of HPV associated oral lesions (with some evidence of possible involvement with oral squamous cell carcinoma). HIV patients receiving HAART with CD4 count > 200 are no longer considered immunocompromised dental patients, as dental procedures would carry no specific risks. But there still remains an occupational transmission risk within dental environment. Until 20 years ago, dentists were the only healthcare workers who placed ungloved hand in one of the body cavities. Today, routine adherence to universal precautions and use of appropriate barriers provide protection against HIV transmission, but still some risk remains due to accidental exposures. This might be particularly pertinent to dental profession due to frequent bleeding-involving procedures and use of sharp instruments in small operating field coupled with frequent patient movement. The real risk is considered to be rather overestimated, as in the US no single case of HIV seroconversion is documented, whereas the possibility exists in 6 cases (in relation to 57 documented and 139 possible cases in all healthcare providers). Another important aspect of mouth-HIV relation is oral sex, as giving oral sex is well recognized mode of HIV acquisition. Although the risk is lower than in genital or anal contact, its frequency makes it important (up to 6, 6% of cases).

Izvorni jezik
Engleski

Znanstvena područja
Kliničke medicinske znanosti, Dentalna medicina

POVEZANOST RADA