ࡱ > 0 2 - . / E@ 0 N bjbj 4 Rh < H 6 6 6 8 n * D N z z k k k ^K `K `K `K `K `K `K $ N R EQ K = N k k N N K M ZD ZD ZD N # ^K ZD N ^K ZD ZD nD nD n ` s 6 = nD "K < M 0 N nD R B R nD R nD k " ZD k k k K K d 6 C ^ 6 D V I J E I L I R S K E T U R S K E : I m a g o l o ak i p o g l e d n a N o v i n e i D a n i c u o d 1 8 3 5 . d o 1 8 3 9 . g o d i n e
I . P o l a z i at a
I . 1 . O v a j j e r a d p r v o p r i o p e n j e o d i j e l u o p s e ~n i h i s t r a ~i v a n j a h r v a t s k o g k u l t u r n o g i m a g i n a r i j a u p e r i o d u I l i r s k o g p o k r e t a . V r i j e m e n i j e s l u
a j n o i z a b r a n o : u d o m a o j s e h i s t o r i o g r a f i j i k o n s e n z u a l n o s m a t r a d a s u u 3 0 - i m i 4 0 - i m g o d i n a m a 1 9 . s t o l j e a p o s t a v l j e n i t e m e l j i h r v a t s k e i n t e g r a l i s t i
k e n a c i o n a l n e k u l t u r e . K n j i ~e v n a i p u b l i c i s t i
k a g r a a o k o j o j j e o v d j e r i j e
r e p r e z e n t a c i j a O s m a n s k o g C a r s t v a i T u r a k a u N a r o d n i m i l i r s k i m n o v i n a m a i D a n i c i i l i r s k o j s t v o r e n a j e u n u t a r p r o j e k t a at o j e s m j e r a o k u l t u r n o j i n t e g r a c i j i s v i h j u ~n o s l a v e n s k i h n a r o d a , a l i j e ( i z r a z l o g a k o j e o v d j e n i j e p o t r e b n o e l a b o r i r a t i ) g l a v n e d o s e g e i m a o u g l a v n o m u n u t a r T r o j e d n i c e . O d a t l e , n a
e l o m p r e f e r i r a n j a u
i n k a n a d h t i j e n j e m , I l i r s k i s e p o k r e t i m a p r a v o n a z i v a t i H r v a t s k i m n a r o d n i m p r e p o r o d o m i l i , p o m a l o s t r u
n o d e f i n i c i j s k i , " p r v o m f a z o m h r v a t s k e n a c i o n a l n e i n t e g r a c i j e " .
O g r a n i
e n j e n a p r v i h p e t g o d i n a N o v i n a i D a n i c e , o s i m u p o t r e b i k a k v a - t a k v a z a o k r u ~e n j a " i s t r a ~i v a n j a u t i j e k u " , m o ~e s e , b a r e m d o n e k l e , i p o v i j e s n o o p r a v d a t i : r i j e
j e o v r e m e n u o d p o j a v e t i h p r v i h p r a v i h p e r i o d i
n i h t i s k o v i n a n a h r v a t s k o m j e z i k u d o s m r t i s u l t a n a M a h m u d a I I , p r v o g v e l i k o g r e f o r m a t o r a O s m a n s k o g C a r s t v a ( v l a d a o o d 1 8 0 8 . d o 1 8 3 9 ) . Z a n i m l j i v o j e s t o g a v i d j e t i k a k o s e u r a z m j e r n o m i r n o m v r e m e n u u k o j e m k r aa n s k e s i l e n e r a t u j u s T u r c i m a i u k o j e m s e t e ~i n a I s t o
n o g p i t a n j a d o b r o n a z i r e , a l i s e n j e g o v o " r j e aa v a n j e " j o a n i j e z a h u k t a l o p r i k a z u j e o n a j s e g m e n t a l t e r i t e t a at o j e u h r v a t s k o j r a n o n o v o v j e k o v n o j k n j i ~e v n o j k u l t u r i z a p o s j e o u l o g u g l a v n o g n e p r i j a t e l j a .
I . 2 . P r i j e s a m e r e k o n s t r u k c i j e p r e d o d ~b e T u r a k a / O s m a n s k o g C a r s t v a , p o t r e b n o j e u p o z o r i t i n a n e k e i s t r a ~i v a
k e p r e t p o s t a v k e . N o v i n e i D a n i c a d v i j e s u t i p s k i r a z l i
i t e p u b l i k a c i j e . N o v i n e d o n o s e d v a p u t t j e d n o p o l i t i
k e v i j e s t i i k o m e n t a r e i z z e m l j e i i n o z e m s t v a . i n j e n i c a d a s u v a n j s k o p o l i t i
k i p r i l o z i p r e v e d e n i i z i n o z e m n o g t i s k a n i m a l o n e u m a n j u j e n j i h o v u v a ~n o s t u o n o d o b n o m h r v a t s k o m k u l t u r n o m i m a g i n a r i j u . U i m a g o l o ak o m , r e c e p c i j i o k r e n u t o m p r i s t u p u f a k c i j s k o j t e k s t n o j g r a i n e k e k u l t u r e p i t a n j e i z v o r n o s t i o d d r u g o r a z r e d n o g j e z n a
e n j a ; o n o i u r e c e p c i j i s u v r e m e n e p o l i t i
k e p u b l i c i s t i k e , p r e t p o s t a v l j a m , u g l a v n o m n e m a v a ~n u u l o g u , b a r e m u s v a k o d n e v n o j p o t r o an j i o s l o b o e n o j s t r o g o g k r i t i
k o - a n a l i t i
k o g r a s u i v a n j a : o n o j k o j u p r i j e s v e g a z a n i m a at o , a m a n j e t k o i k a k o . D a n i c a j e p a k t j e d n i p r i l o g N o v i n a m a k o j i d o n o s i k n j i ~e v n e t e k s t o v e , u g l a v n o m p j e s m e i p r i p o v i j e t k e , a l i i p o v i j e s n e , z e m l j o p i s n e i j e z i k o s l o v n e r a s p r a v e t e p r o z n e c r t i c e o z a n i m l j i v i m d r u at v e n i m p o j a v a m a . Z n a t a n u d i o u f i k c i j s k o j i f a k c i j s k o j p r o z i u D a n i c i t a k o e r
i n e p r i j e v o d i , u g l a v n o m s d r u g i h s l a v e n s k i h j e z i k a i s n j e m a
k o g . F o r t u n e N o v i n a i D a n i c e b i t n o s u r a z l i
i t e : p r v e s e d o d u ae u v i j e k i s t i
u k a o p r v a h r v a t s k a p o l i t i
k a t i s k o v i n a , n o n j i h o v p r i j e v o d n o - k o m p i l a c i j s k i k a r a k t e r i p a r a d o k s a l n a t o b o ~n j a " a p o l i t i
n o s t " ( n a k o j u e s e o v a j t e k s t j o a o s v r n u t i ) p o d r a z u m i j e v a j u s e i s t o d o b n o k a o n j i h o v n a j v e i n e d o s t a t a k . D a n i c i s e p a k p r i z n a j e t e m e l j n o z n a
e n j e u k n j i ~e v n o m ~i v o t u i k n j i ~e v n o j p r o d u k c i j i o d s r e d i n e 3 0 - i h d o p o
e t k a 4 0 - i h g o d i n a 1 9 . s t o l j e a t e , n a at e t u N o v i n a ,
a k i u o b l i k o v a n j u p o l i t i
k e s v i j e s t i u t o m v r e m e n u . S a m o s e n a p o z a d i n i t i h p r e t p o s t a v k i m o ~e r a z u m j e t i p r e t i s k i v a n j e D a n i c e ( n e i N o v i n a ) p o
e t k o m 7 0 - i h g o d i n a p r o al o g s t o l j e a , o d n o s n o n j e z i n a k a n o n i z a c i j a u p o v i j e s t i h r v a t s k e k n j i ~e v n e k u l t u r e . S i m a g o l o ak o g g l e d i at a , m e u t i m , N o v i n e s u b a r e m p o d j e d n a k o z a n i m l j i v e , a k o n e i z a n i m l j i v i j e . I t o n e s a m o z b o g k v a n t i t a t i v n o g r a z l o g a o d n o s n o z b o g d v o s t r u k o v e e g o p s e g a ( i N o v i n e i D a n i c a i z l a z i l e s u n a p o l a a r k a , a l i p r v e d v a p u t t j e d n o , d r u g a j e d n o m ) , n e g o p o n a j p r i j e z b o g
i n j e n i c e d a s e u n j i m a h r v a t s k i
i t a t e l j p r v i p u t m o g a o n a s v o m j e z i k u k o n t i n u i r a n o i n f o r m i r a t i o p o l i t i
k i m d o g a a j i m a i , at o j e v a ~n i j e , s a z n a t i n e at o o i z v a n e u r o p s k i m p r o s t o r i m a k o j i u d o t a d a an j o j h r v a t s k o j k n j i ~e v n o j k u l t u r i n i s u b i l i t e m a t i z i r a n i ( S j e v e r n a i J u ~n a A m e r i k a , A f r i k a , D a l e k i i s t o k ) . N o v i n e s e t a k o n a m e u k a o o s n o v n i i l i b a r e m p o l a z n i i z v o r u i s t r a ~i v a n j u k o n s t r u k c i j e a l t e r i t e t a u h r v a t s k o j k u l t u r i i l i r s k o g r a z d o b l j a . D a n i c a j e , n a p r o t i v , u o s t a l o m i p r o g r a m s k i , b i l a v i ae u s m j e r e n a n a p r o s t o r k o j i s e p r o k l a m i r a o k a o v l a s t i t i , b i l o u ~i ( T r o j e d n i c a ) , b i l o ai r i ( j u ~n o s l a v e n s k i ) i l i p a k n a j ai r i ( s v e s l a v e n s k i , d o n e k l e i z a p a d n o e u r o p s k i ) .
I . 3 . R e k o n s t r u k c i j a p r e d o d ~b i i z p e r i o d i
n o g t i s k a n e d o p i r e n i d o k a k v e k u l t u r n e r e a l i j e ; n j e z i n r e z u l t a t m o ~e b i t i s a m o n o v i a n a l i t i
k i k o n s t r u k t . N a i m e , o v a a n a l i z a ( k a o " a n a l i z a s l u
a j a " ) t e ~i p o t p u n o s t i : u z i m a u o b z i r s v a k i i m a g o t i p i
a n ( a k s i o l o ak i p o t e n t a n ) o d s j e
a k t e k s t a o O s m a n s k o m C a r s t v u , T u r c i m a , b a l k a n s k i m m u s l i m a n i m a . R e c e p c i j u n o v i n a ( i
a s o p i s a ) o b i l j e ~a v a , m e u t i m , z a r a z l i k u o d p r i m j e r i c e r e c e p c i j e r o m a n a , s e l e k t i v n o i d i j a g o n a l n o
i t a n j e . P r e d o d ~b a d o b i v e n a o v a k v o m r e k o n s t r u k c i j o m t e ak o s e m o ~e p o i s t o v j e t i t i s o d g o v a r a j u o m p r e d o d ~b o m u n e k o m o s o b n o m / p r i v a t n o m i m a g i n a r i j u o n o d o b n o g a
i t a t e l j a . R a z l i k e u p o j e d i n a
n i m r e c e p c i j a m a , u v j e t o v a n e r a z l i k a m a u o s o b n i m i s k u s t v i m a i s u s t a v i m a v r i j e d n o s t i , t e p o v i j e s n e m i j e n e u r e c e p c i j i i s t o g t e k s t a , n i j e v i ae p o t r e b n o p o s e b n o i s t i c a t i k a o h e r m e n e u t i
k i p r o b l e m . I p a k , c i l j o v a k v e i m a g o l o ak e a n a l i z e j e s t r e k o n s t r u k c i j a s e g m e n t a k u l t u r n o g i m a g i n a r i j a k a o i d e a l n o g m o d e l a o k o j i s e o d m j e r a v a s v a k a n j e g o v a p o j e d i n a
n a k o n k r e t i z a c i j a . U u v j e r e n j u d a j e i d e j n o - a k s i o l o ak i s l o j j e z i k a N o v i n a i D a n i c e r a z u m l j i v d a n a an j e m
i t a t e l j u ( p o t k o v a n o m s t a n o v i t i m p o v i j e s n i m z n a n j i m a ) n a p o d j e d n a k n a
i n k a o i s u v r e m e n i c i m a , s a ~i m a n j e m i m a g o t i p i
n i h i s k a z a o T u r c i m a u d v j e m a p u b l i k a c i j a m a ( r e ) k o n s t r u i r a j u s e i u s p o r e u j u n j i m a p r i p a d a j u e v a r i j a n t e i s t o g i m a g e m a o n o d o b n o g h r v a t s k o g k u l t u r n o g i m a g i n a r i j a , a t a j b i s e i m a g e m " T u r c i / O s m a n s k o C a r s t v o u h r v a t s k o j k u l t u r i p r e p o r o d n o g r a z d o b l j a " u s v o j o j c i j e l o s t i , a t o z n a
i i s a s v i m d i s p a r a t n i m i k o n t r a d i k t o r n i m a t r i b u t i m a , m o g a o r e k o n s t r u i r a t i t e k n a t e m e l j u c j e l o k u p n e r e l e v a n t n e g r a e .
I I . O s m a n s k o C a r s t v o M a h m u d a I I . u i l i r s k i m N o v i n a m a
" E u r o p e i z a c i j a " i " m o d e r n i z a c i j a " k l j u
n i s u p o j m o v i p o d k o j e s e m o ~e s u p s u m i r a t i n a j v e i d i o v i j e s t i o O s m a n s k o m C a r s t v u n a s t r a n i c a m a N o v i n a . I z v j e au j e s e t a k o o p r o m j e n a m a n a d v o r u i u o r g a n i z a c i j i v l a s t i k o j e i m a j u z a c i l j p o v e a t i u
i n k o v i t o s t u p r a v e , s m a n j i t i t r o ak o v e i s u z b i t i k o r u p c i j u . P a ~l j i v i j i
i t a t e l j N o v i n a m o r a o j e s t e i d o j a m o v e l i k i m u l a g a n j i m a t u r s k e v l a s t i u k a p i t a l n e i n v e s t i c i j e : u g r a d n j u c e s t a , k a n a l a , v o d o v o d a , t v o r n i c a , s v j e t i o n i k a i d r . E u r o p s k o - r e f o r m i s t i
k i d u h z a h v a t i o j e i v o j s k u i p o l i c i j u : u t u r s k o j s e v o j s c i , k a o i u e u r o p s k i m o r u ~a n i m s n a g a m a , u v o d e p r o l j e t n e i j e s e n s k e v o j n e v j e ~b e , a p l a n i r a s e i o r g a n i z a c i j a p o l i c i j e p r e m a f r a n c u s k o m u z o r u . N e at e d i s e n i u m o d e r n i z a c i j i r a t n e f l o t e : i z g r a e n a j e d o t a d n a j v e a f r e g a t a , a k o m e n t a r n j e z i n a g r a d i t e l j a , i n ~e n j e r a R o a d a , s i m p t o m a t i
a n j e z a i m a g e T u r s k e , at o s e i z z a p a d n o g , m a h o m s r e d n j o e u r o p s k o g , t i s k a s p u s t i o u N o v i n e :
R o a d v e l i , d a n i t i v A m e r i k i n i t i v A n g l i j i n e b i b i l t a k v e l a e z d e l a l , j e r b i g a b i l i l j u d i n j e g o v o g a z a n a t a [ m e at r i j e ] z a r a d i n o v o s t i u t o m p o s l u p r e
i l i ; u T u r s k o j m u p a k o m i r i s l o b o d a u g a a ae .
P o t k r a j v l a d a v i n e M a h m u d a I I . z a h u k t a l a s e i i z g r a d n j a v i s o k o g ak o l s t v a : u I s t a n b u l u j e o t v o r e n m e d i c i n s k i f a k u l t e t , n a k o j e m u s u t u r s k i , f r a n c u s k i i l a t i n s k i g l a v n i p r e d m e t i n a p o
e t k u s t u d i j a , a u z e m l j i s e p o d i ~e s e d a m s v e u
i l i at a s n a g l a s k o m n a p r i r o d n i m z n a n o s t i m a ( u I s t a n b u l u , D r e n o p o l j u , S o l u n u , B u r s i , B a g d a d u , T r a p e z u n t u i I z m i r u ) , p r i
e m u e s e u I z m i r u i S o l u n u p r e d a v a t i i n a f r a n c u s k o m j e z i k u .
P r e u z i m a n j e e u r o p s k i h o b i
a j a z a h v a t i l o j e s u l t a n o v d v o r i j a v n i ~i v o t i s t a n b u l s k e e l i t e . Z a a u s t r i j s k o g n a d v o j v o d u i e u r o p s k e p o s l a n i k e s u l t a n p r i r e u j e s v e
a n i r u
a k u f r a n c u s k o m s t i l u , o s t a j u i , d o d u ae , p r e m a s t a r i m o b i
a j i m a , z a v r i j e m e j e l a o d v o j e n o d g o s t i j u . S u l t a n , n a d a l j e , u ~i v a u g l a z b e n o m p r o g r a m u at o g a n j e m u u
a s t p r i r e u j e f r a n c u s k o v e l e p o s l a n s t v o , u s l o b o d n o s e v r i j e m e ae e j a v n i m i s t a n b u l s k i m p r o s t o r i m a u p r a t n j i s a m o d v o j i c e
u v a r a i r a z g o v a r a s p r o l a z n i c i m a . N j e g o v i m i n i s t r i o d l a z e n a p o s a o u e u r o p s k i m k o
i j a m a i , z a j e d n o s d r u g i m t u r s k i m v i s o k i m d u ~n o s n i c i m a , u ~i v a j u u b a l o v i m a k o j e p r i r e u j u e u r o p s k i p o s l a n i c i . V i ae s e p u t a u N o v i n a m a s p o m i n j u i p l a n o v i o o t v a r a n j u e u r o p s k o g k a z a l i at a u I s t a n b u l u .
S v i d o s a d n a v e d e n i p r i m j e r i m o d e r n i z a c i j e i e u r o p e i z a c i j e O s m a n s k o g C a r s t v a u z a p a d n o e u r o p s k o m s u t i s k u 3 0 - i h g o d i n a 1 9 . s t o l j e a b i l i u s u p r o t n o s t i s p r e d o d ~b o m o t u r s k o j e k o n o m s k o j , o d n o s n o k u l t u r n o j ( c i v i l i z a c i j s k o j ) z a o s t a l o s t i . D o d u ae , p r e d o d ~b a o t u r s k o j z a o s t a l o s t i n i j e b i l a d o m i n a n t n a u h r v a t s k o j k n j i ~e v n o j k u l t u r i p r e t h o d n i h r a z d o b l j a . O d r u at v e n o j j e k r i z i O s m a n s k o g C a r s t v a v e 1 6 6 4 . u p o s l a n i c i p a d e r n b o r s k o m b i s k u p u F e r d i n a n d u F r s t e n b e r g u n a l a t i n s k o m j e z i k u p i s a o S t j e p a n G r a d i , n o n i at a s e s l i
n o , k o l i k o m i j e p o z n a t o , n e e p o j a v i t i o d t a d a s v e d o p r e p o r o d n o g v r e m e n a . M n o g i e h r v a t s k i p i s c i i s t i c a t i v o j n u n e m o T u r a k a i n a d u u n j i h o v o p r o t j e r i v a n j e i z E u r o p e , o s o b i t o n a k o n D r u g e o p s a d e B e
a 1 6 8 3 , n o t o e p r i j e s v e g a b i t i v e z a n o u z v o j n o - p o l i t i
k e a s p e k t e t u r s k e m o i u j u g o i s t o
n o j E u r o p i , a n e u z " c i v i l i z a c i j s k u i n f e r i o r n o s t " O s m a n s k o g C a r s t v a p r e m a e u r o p s k o m Z a p a d u . R e l k o v i e v p o j a m " t u r s k i h s k u l a " i z r a z j e i d e j e o t u r s k o j k u l t u r n o j z a o s t a l o s t i , n o o n a s e o d n o s i n a s u s j e d n o b a l k a n s k o ( b o s a n s k o ) p o d r u
j e , a n e n a m a l o a z i j s k u j e z g r u o s m a n s k e d r ~a v e . S t e r e o t i p " b o l e s n i k a n a B o s p o r u " , p r i
e m u s e b o l e s t n e b i o d n o s i l a s a m o n a v o j n o - o s v a j a
k u n e m o , u h r v a t s k o j s e k n j i ~e v n o j k u l t u r i p r i j e N o v i n a i D a n i c e , o d n o s n o p r i j e p o j a v e p o l i t i
k e p u b l i c i s t i k e , n a p r o s t o n i j e i m a o g d j e r a z v i t i .
N o , s l i k a e u r o p e i z i r a j u e g O s m a n s k o g C a r s t v a u N o v i n a m a d o t i
e s e i n e k i h p r e d o d ~b i o T u r c i m a k o j e i u h r v a t s k o j k n j i ~e v n o j k u l t u r i i m a j u d u g u p o v i j e s t . J e d n a o d n j i h j e s t s v a k a k o i p r e d o d ~b a o T u r c i m a k a o n e p r i j a t e l j i m a k r aa n s t v a ( v j e r s k i m n e p r i j a t e l j i m a p a r e x e l l e n c e ) . U p r v i h s e p e t g o d i at a u N o v i n a m a , k a o a n t i p o d s p o m e n u t o g s t e r e o t i p a , p o j a v l j u j e
i t a v n i z p r i m j e r a v j e r s k e t o l e r a n c i j e s u l t a n a M a h m u d a I I . : o n p o s j e u j e g r a d i l i at e p r a v o s l a v n e c r k v e , d o p u at a g r a d n j u p e t k a t o l i
k i h c r k a v a u I s t a n b u l u t e u l a z a k k r aa n a u d ~a m i j e , a u p o l i t i
k o m g o v o r u n a p u t o v a n j u c r n o m o r s k i m k r a j e v i m a i s t i
e r a v n o p r a v n o s t g r a a n a s v o g c a r s t v a b e z o b z i r a n a v j e r u . M a h m u d I I . s e p r i k a z u j e i k a o o s m a n s k i v l a d a r k o j i p r e k i d a s t r a d i c i j o m u b o j s t a v a m u ak e d j e c e r o e n e u b r a k u o s m a n s k e p r i n c e z e s n e k i m v i s o k i m
a s n i k o m , a s v e z b o g " v i ai h r a z l o g a " d r ~a v n e s i g u r n o s t i . `t o v i ae , j e d n o m u n u k u i z t a k v a b r a k a s u l t a n j o a u k o l i j e v c i d o d j e l j u j e t i t u l u " p a ae o d t r i k o n j s k a r e p a " . N a s u p r o t r a n o n o v o v j e k o v n o j p r e d o d ~b i k r aa n s k i h p i s a c a o n e d o s t a t k u o
i n s k e l j u b a v i t u r s k i h s u l t a n a , o n a s e i s t i
e u i s t a n b u l s k i m p r i l o z i m a N o v i n a , p i s a n i m a n a k o n s m r t i s i n a i k e r i M a h m u d a I I .
M e u s t a r i m s t e r e o t i p i m a o T u r c i m a , k o j i s u u s l i c i e u r o p e i z i r a j u e g O s m a n s k o g C a r s t v a M a h m u d a I I . d o b i l i s v o j u p r o t u t e ~u , m o ~d a j e i n a j z a n i m l j i v i j i o n a j o r o p s k o m p o l o ~a j u t u r s k i h ~e n a . i t a t e l j N o v i n a n a j p r i j e j e m o g a o s a z n a t i d a j e s u l t a n , u s u p r o t s v i m d o t a d a an j i m o b i
a j i m a , d o v e o h a r e m s k e ~e n e n a s v e
a n o s t p o r i n u a n e k o g b r o d a , a p o t o m i m d a o p r a v o d a u z n j e g o v o d o p u at e n j e i z l a z e u ae t n j u n a B o s p o r i d r u g a m j e s t a u I s t a n b u l u . J o a s e z a n i m l j i v i j o m
i n i s u l t a n o v a u r e d b a o p o n a aa n j u ~e n a n a u l i c i , k o j e s u u I s t a n b u l u , p r e m a m i al j e n j u v l a s t i , o t i al e p r e d a l e k o u s v o j i m s l o b o d a m a : p r i m i j e e n o j e , p r i m j e r i c e , d a n a u l i c i o s t a j u i u k a s n i m v e
e r n j i m s a t i m a , d a h o d a j u i s j e d e z a j e d n o s m u ak a r c i m a ,
a k i s a s v o j i m s l u g a m a i z r e d o v a r a j e , d a o d l a z e n a s l a d o l e d u k a v a n e P e r e i G a l a t e , d a s m l a d i m t r g o v c i m a r a z g o v a r a j u u d u a n i m a , a n e s a m o i s p r e d n j i h . I p r e m d a e s e s u l t a n o v o m n a r e d b o m s v e n a b r o j e n o o g r a n i
a v a t i , t a k a v j e p r i k a z s v a k o d n e v n o g ~i v o t a t u r s k i h ~e n a k o d o n o d o b n o g
i t a t e l j s t v a N o v i n a m o r a o p o b u i v a t i e u r o p s k o - k o z m o p o l i t s k e a s o c i j a c i j e .
U r e d n i at v o N o v i n a u i z b o r u v i j e s t i i k o m e n t a r a o O s m a n s k o m C a r s t v u n e z a o b i l a z i n i o n e u k o j i m a s e p r o b l e m a t i z i r a u n u t r a an j a o p o r b a s u l t a n o v i m r e f o r m a m a . T a k o s e u j e d n o m k o m e n t a r u o e u r o p e i z i r a n j u O s m a n s k o g C a r s t v a i s t i
e d a s t a n o v n i c i I s t a n b u l a l a k o p r i h v a a j u s v e p r o m j e n e , z a r a z l i k u o d o n i h u p r o v i n c i j i , g d j e j e " j o a p r i j a t e l j e v s t a r i h j a n i
a r o v , k o j i m j e t r n v o k u v s e at o s u l t a n d e l a i k o j e v s a k i k o r a k p r e m e m b e i l i t i p o b o l j ai c b a n t u j e " . U j e d n o m s e d r u g o m t e k s t u , p e t g o d i n a k a s n i j e , n e p o s r e d n o p r i j e s u l t a n o v e s m r t i , n a p o m i n j e d a v l a d a j u i a p a r a t
e s t o s p r e t n o i z b j e g a v a p r o v e s t i z a k o n s k i v e p o t v r e n e r e f o r m e . P r o t i v l j e n j e p r o m j e n a m a o s o b i t o j e s n a ~n o t a m o g d j e s u o n e u s u k o b u s v j e r s k i m d o g m a m a : s u l t a n o v a o d l u k a d a , u s u p r o t m u s l i m a n s k o j i k o n o k l a s t i
k o j t r a d i c i j i , i z r a d i v l a s t i t e p o r t r e t e i p o s t a v i i h n a j a v n i m m j e s t i m a , i z a z v a l a j e n e m i r e u I s t a n b u l u , z b o g
e g a s u m n o g i p r o s v j e d n i c i z a v r ai l i u p r i t v o r u . D o g m a t s k o v j e r o v a n j e d a s e
o v j e k b e z B o ~j e v o l j e n e m o ~e z a r a z i t i k u g o m d u g o j e k o
i l o d j e l o t v o r n u z d r a v s t v e n u p o l i t i k u O s m a n s k o g C a r s t v a , n o o d 1 8 3 7 . i u t o m p o d r u
j u , o p e t p o u z o r u n a e u r o p s k e d r ~a v e , t u r s k e v l a s t i p r o v o d e p r e v e n t i v n e m j e r e o k o j i m a s e u N o v i n a m a r e d o v i t o i z v j e au j e . I p a k , s t a l n e v i j e s t i o k u g i i p i r a t s k i m n a p a d i m a n a t r g o v a
k e b r o d o v e u v o d a m a O s m a n s k o g C a r s t v a , u n a t o
n j i h o v o j r a z m j e r n o j k r a t k o i i p r e t e ~n o f a k t o g r a f s k o m k a r a k t e r u , m o r a l e s u k o d
i t a t e l j s t v a s t v o r i t i p r e d o d ~b u o T u r s k o j k a o o p r l j a v o m i o p a s n o m p r o s t o r u .
U N o v i n a m a s e , b e z i m a l o s i m p a t i j a , i z v j e au j e o s e p a r a t i s t i
k i m p o k r e t i m a u E g i p t u i A l b a n i j i . P r o o s m a n s k a j e j e d n o s t r a n o s t t e k d o n e k l e u b l a ~e n a o b j a v l j i v a n j e m o t v o r e n o g p i s m a e g i p a t s k e s t r a n e , u k o j e m s e n a s t o j e p o b i t i u e u r o p s k o m t i s k u r a ai r e n e t v r d n j e o e g i p a t s k o j p o t p o r i p r o t u o s m a n s k o m u s t a n k u u A l b a n i j i . N o , n i n a k o n t o g a n e e u N o v i n a m a b i t i p u n o r a z u m i j e v a n j a z a s e p a r a t i s t i
k u p o l i t i k u e g i p a t s k o g v o e M e h m e d a A l i j e .
M o ~e s e , d a k l e , z a k l j u
i t i d a s u
l a n c i o O s m a n s k o m C a r s t v u u N o v i n a m a b i l i p r e t e ~i t o a f i r m a t i v n i , p r o ~e t i v i j e s t i m a o m o d e r n i z a c i j s k o j p r o e u r o p s k o j p o l i t i c i M a h m u d a I I . P o s v e e k s p l i c i t n o i z r a ~e n o j e t o u j e d n o m k o m e n t a r u , p r e n i j e t o m i z t u r s k i h n o v i n a M o n i t e u r O t t o m a n , u k o j e m s e r a s p r a v l j a o s u d b i n i O s m a n s k o g C a r s t v a . N a p i t a n j e z a s l u ~u j e l i o n o u o p e d a l j n j u e g z i s t e n c i j u , o d g o v o r j e n e d v o s m i s l e n o p o t v r d a n , a a r g u m e n t i s e t r a ~e u p o z i t i v n i m p r o m j e n a m a : u o d u s t a j a n j u o d o s v a j a
k e p o l i t i k e , r a z v o j u p o l j o d j e l s t v a , b u e n j u d o m o l j u b l j a . T e k u z a d n j o j g o d i n i v l a d a v i n e M a h m u d a I I , k a d j e k r i z a u e g i p a t s k o - t u r s k i m d o n o s i m a d o s e g l a v r h u n a c i k a d s e u e u r o p s k o m j a v n o m m n i j e n j u s t r a h o v a l o d a b i r a t s E g i p t o m m o g a o z a O s m a n s k o C a r s t v o i m a t i k a t a s t r o f a l n e p o s l j e d i c e , p o j a v i t e s e u N o v i n a m a n a p i s o ~a l o s n o m s t a n j u t u r s k e v o j s k e , s t e z o m d a s e O s m a n s k o C a r s t v o u r u ai l o p o p u t `p a n j o l s k e .
U p o z a d i n i p r o o s m a n s k i h n a p i s a u e u r o p s k o j p u b l i c i s t i c i 3 0 - i h g o d i n a 1 9 . s t o l j e a , o s i m p a r c i j a l n i h p o l i t i
k i h i n t e r e s a , v j e r o j a t n o j e s t a j a o i e u r o c e n t r i
n i o s j e a j n a d m o i i z a d o v o l j s t v a ai r e n j e m / i z v o z o m v l a s t i t e k u l t u r e . T e ak o j e i p r e t p o s t a v i t i k a k o j e t a k v u p r e d o d ~b u O s m a n s k o g C a r s t v a m o g a o
i t a t i " p r o s j e
a n
i t a t e l j " N o v i n a k o j i j e v j e r o j a t n o v i ae ~u d i o z a e u r o p s k o m c i v i l i z a c i j o m n e g o at o j e o s j e a o d a j o j p u n o p r a v n o p r i p a d a . P i t a n j e j e j o a t e ~e k a d s e u z m e u o b z i r i t o d a p r e d o d ~b a O s m a n s k o g C a r s t v a u N o v i n a m a n i j e p o t v r e n a u d r u g i m t i p o v i m a t e k s t o v a o n o d o b n e h r v a t s k e k u l t u r e .
I I I . T u r c i u D a n i c i
U D a n i c i , z a r a z l i k u o d N o v i n a , t e m a m o d e r n i z a c i j e O s m a n s k o g C a r s t v a g o t o v o d a i n i j e d o d i r n u t a . T e k s e u j e d n o m p r o g r a m s k o m t e k s t u ( " N a m s t o p r o g l a s a " ) , z a p r a v o u p i s m u n e k o g t o b o ~n j e g d u b r o v a
k o g s i m p a t i z e r a i l i r s k o g p r o g r a m a , s p o m i n j e e u r o p e i z a c i j a O s m a n s k o g C a r s t v a , i t o s a m o u j e d n o j r e
e n i c i :
`t o s e p a k o s a d a an j i h s t v a r i t i
e , z n a a i s a m , k a k o s e T u r
i n t r u d i E u r o p e j s k e o b i
a j e k o d s v o j i h u v e s t i , s v o j u v o j s k u E u r o p e j s k i m n a
i n o m u r e d i t i , r
j o m , k a k o s e t r a ~i u E u r o p i u t v e r d i t i ; a k o l i k o o p e t i z d r u g e n j e m u s r o d n e s t r a n e b i v a ? ( 2 7 / 1 8 3 6 , 1 0 6 )
T a s e r e
e n i c a p r i p i s u j e s p o m e n u t o m D u b r o v
a n i n u , k o j i j e n e k o m
o v j e k u " i l i r s k o g " p o d r i j e t l a , at o s e p u t u j u i s v i j e t o m s a m o n e k o l i k o s a t i z a d r ~a o u D u b r o v n i k u , n a s t o j a o u k r a t k o o p i s a t i at o s e d o g a a u d o m o v i n i . I p r e m d a u n a v e d e n o m i s k a z u n e m a e k s p l i c i t n i h v r i j e d n o s n i h i n d i k a t o r a , i z c j e l o k u p n o g j e k o n t e k s t a v e l i
a n j a s u v r e m e n i h k u l t u r n i h p o s t i g n u a u T r o j e d n i c i , S r b i j i i C r n o j G o r i ( o
e m u j e r i j e
n e p o s r e d n o i z a n a v e d e n e r e
e n i c e ) j a s n o d a p o l i t i
k i p l a n o v i M a h m u d a I I . a u t o r u p i s m a , v j e r o j a t n o s a m o m L j u d e v i t u G a j u k o j i p o t p i s u j e
i t a v p r i l o g , n i s u l e ~a l i n a s r c u .
U j e d n o m k r a t k o m i z m i al j e n o m aa l j i v o m t e k s t u p o d n a s l o v o m " P i j a n c i c a r i g r a d s k i " , o b j a v l j e n o m u r u b r i c i " R a z l i
n o s t i " , o p i s u j e s e t o b o ~n j a p o p u s t l j i v o s t t u r s k i h z a k o n a p r e m a a l k o h o l i
a r i m a , at o j e k o n k r e t i z a c i j a s t a r o g s t e r e o t i p a o T u r c i m a k a o p i j a n i c a m a , u n a t o
m u s l i m a n s k o j d o g m a t s k o j s t r o g o s t i p r e m a k o n z u m a c i j i a l k o h o l a . P o d n a s l o v o m " P r a v i c a u i s t o k u " i z d v o j e n e s u p a k d v i j e c r t i c e i z k n j i g e p u t o p i s a p o O s m a n s k o m C a r s t v u ak o t s k o g p i s c a T h o m a s a M a c G i l l a . U n j i m a s e C a r s t v o p r e d s t a v l j a k a o p r o s t o r u
i n k o v i t e i n e m i l o s r d n e p r a v d e , a l i i r a z v i j e n o g s o c i j a l n o g o s j e a j a z a s t a r e i n e m o n e , at o g a u p o z i t i v n o m s m i s l u r a z l i k u j e o d E u r o p e . I t o j e z a p r a v o s v e at o s e u p r v i h p e t g o d i at a D a n i c e u o p e m o ~e p r o n a i o o s m a n s k o m k u l t u r n o m p r o s t o r u u u ~e m s m i s l u . D o d u ae , o b j a v l j e n j e
i t a v n i z p r i j e v o d a p r i p o v j e d a k a , r a d n j a k o j i h s e o d v i j a n a O r i j e n t u , n o r i j e
j e u g l a v n o m o p r o s v j e t i t e l j s k i m t e k s t o v i m a , z a
i j e s e t e n d e n c i o z n e a l e g o r i j s k e s a d r ~a j e e g z o t i
n a m j e s t a
i n e p o s v e p r i k l a d n i m a .
P r e d o d ~b a T u r a k a u D a n i c i p r i j e s v e g a j e s t p r e d o d ~b a j u ~n o s l a v e n s k i h m u s l i m a n a . P o j m o m " T u r
i n " u D a n i c i s e g o t o v o u v i j e k o z n a
a v a j u m u s l i m a n s k i s u s j e d i n a z a p a d n o m B a l k a n u . O B o s n i , S r b i j i i C r n o j G o r i p u n o s e p i s a l o , i t o u
l a n c i m a k o j i s e m o g u s v r s t a t i u p u t o p i s n u , a l i i u r a n u s t r u
n u z e m l j o p i s n u i l i e t n o g r a f s k u l i t e r a t u r u . U t i m s e t e k s t o v i m a , m e u t i m ,
e s t o i s t i
e i a n t i t u r s k i , r a t n i
k i d u h C r n o g o r a c a i S r b a .
U b r o j n i m u m j e t n i m i n a r o d n i m p j e s m a m a , a l i i u p r i p o v i j e t k a m a s ( k v a z i ) p o v i j e s n i m s a d r ~a j e m , s l a v i s e b o r b a j u ~n o s l a v e n s k i h k r aa n a p r o t i v T u r a k a . N e t r e b a z a b o r a v i t i n i t o d a s e u
e t i r i s t r o f e p j e s m e " H o r v a t s k a d o m o v i n a " A n t u n a M i h a n o v i a , o b j a v l j e n e u p r v o m g o d i at u D a n i c e , s p o m i n j e n e p r i j a t e l j , d o d u ae b e z e t n i
k e o z n a k e , n o n j e g o v j e p r o s t o r u B o s n i , i z a r i j e k e U n e , p a j e p o s v e j a s n o n a k o g a s e o d n o s i r i j e
" d u am a n " :
M a g l a , at o l i , U n u s k r i v a ? / N i l ' t o n a ai u j a u k t u r o b n i ? / T k o l i m o l e s m e r t d o z i v a ? / I l ' s l o b o d n i , i l ' s u r o b n i ? / / " R a t j e , b r a t j o , r a t j u n a c i , / P u ak u h v a t a j , s a b l j u p a ai , / S e d l a j k o n j
e , h a j d p e aj a c i , / S l a v a b u d i , g d i s u n a ai ! " / / B u
i b u r a , m a g l a p r o j d e , / P u c a z o r a , t m i n a b ~i , / T u g a m i n e , r a d o s t d o j d e , / Z d r a v o s l a b o s t , d u am a n l e ~i ! / / V e s e l i s e , t u ~n a m a t i , / P a d o ae t i v e r l i s i n i , / K o j u n a c i , k o H o r v a t i , / L j a ae k e r v c u d o m o v i n i ! ( 1 0 / 1 8 3 5 , 3 7 )
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