Naslov
Transition from basic visual to assessment of memory functions

Autori
Aine, Cheryl J. ; Supek, Selma ; Stephen, Julia M.

Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Poglavlja u knjigama, pregledni

Knjiga
Magnetoencephalography: From Signals to Dynamic Cortical Networks

Urednik/ci
Supek, Selma ; Aine, Cheryl J.

Izdavač
Springer

Grad
Heidelberg

Godina
2014

Raspon stranica
767-800

ISBN
978-3-642-33044-5

Ključne riječi
MEG, vidni sustav, memorija, kliničke primjene
(MEG, visual system, memory, clinical applications)

Sažetak
MEG investigations of the visual system either attempted to: 1) corroborate findings from invasive monkey or basic psychophysical studies as an indirect way to validate MEG results or 2) enhance previously demonstrated clinical event-related potential findings (ERPs) (e.g., increased ERP peak latencies in patients with Multiple Sclerosis). We have focused on the former with the ultimate goal of developing/testing new clinical applications for assessing cognitive functions such as working memory since several mental health and neurological problems such as schizophrenia and dementia reveal deficits in working memory. Our focus is on late activity (>200 ms) which captures the synchronization of activity across widespread cortical regions (i.e., functional neural circuits). The challenge for investigators using MEG as a clinical tool for assessing memory functions, however, is to identify the unique deficits specific to each diagnosis, within the working memory circuits. For example, there is ample evidence that the functional connectivity between brain regions may be compromised in schizophrenia while specific node(s) of the circuit may be more affected in Alzheimer’ s disease (medial temporal lobes), initially. The mapping of both widespread spatial regions and the characterization of their temporal dynamics present a tremendous technical challenge. In this chapter we will discuss some of the difficulties we encountered while developing and testing tools/paradigms for clinical applications involving visual attention and memory and will highlight ways to avoid potential confounds. We will also briefly review the organization of the visual system. Visual paradigms specific to clinical applications can be found in the discussions on epilepsy and language/reading covered in Chapter XX by Nakasato and Kuriki. Finally, while most investigators acknowledge that MEG has exquisite temporal resolution, we will show recent realistic simulations demonstrating that MEG has good spatial resolution as well, provided adequate modeling strategies are employed.

Izvorni jezik
Engleski

Znanstvena područja
Fizika, Temeljne medicinske znanosti, Kliničke medicinske znanosti

POVEZANOST RADA