Naslov
Selected Types of Residential Segregation: Some Examples from Abroad

Autori
Kuti, Simona ; Gregurović, Margareta

Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Sažeci sa skupova, neobjavljeni rad, znanstveni

Skup
Social Structures and Institutions - The Quest for Social Justice

Mjesto i datum
Dubrovnik, Hrvatska, 18.06.2007. - 22.06.2007

Vrsta sudjelovanja
Predavanje

Vrsta recenzije
Međunarodna recenzija

Ključne riječi
residential segregation (ethnic; socio-economic; by age; by sexual orientation); ethnic enclaves; ghettos; gated communities; gay communities; age-segregated housing

Sažetak
The aim of the paper is to provide the general introduction to the study of spatial segregation followed by an overview of the selected types of the phenomenon in question from the existing literature. The first, introductory part of the paper presents various theoretical approaches to residential segregation together with the definitions of different terms used in this field of study (e.g. residential segregation/concentration (Douglas Massey et al.), ghetto, ethnic enclave, slum, gated or walled community, quartered city (Marcuse), dual city (Castells) etc.). The next part discusses two "traditional" types of residential segregation: by ethnicity and by socio-economic status of the population. The two types are the most commonly researched and are often depicted as involuntary or enforced types of segregation . Ethnic residential segregation is presented through some interesting foreign examples (e.g. the "ethnoburb" (ethnic suburb) formation in the United States, the settlement policies and practices of immigrants in Sweden, examples of residential segregation of immigrant minorities in the Netherlands etc.) Socio-economic segregation is defined and discussed through terms such as "dual city", "quartered city", "housing segmentation concept", "social polarisation" etc. These concepts have been researched in various countries, but with the special emphasis on the American and European cases. The main concern of the research has been the residential segregation of the poor and the wealthy (and to some less extent - spatial segregation of different occupations). In the following part of the paper, two other types of residential segregation - by sexual orientation and age - are discussed. The two types are often described as more voluntary in nature (residential segregation by lifestyle and/or the position in the life-cycle) and were not the object of much scientific research, especially when compared to the previous two types. The next section presents some examples of residential segregation of the elder. Most of the existing studies discuss the American and Canadian cases of the 70s and the 80s, and some authors debate the existence of this kind of segregation. The research into other possible subtypes of residential segregation by age (e.g. of the young) is even more scarce. Up to this moment, the residential segregation of the homosexuals has been poorly researched as well. There are no systematic analyses that examine the extent to which the homosexuals are residentially segregated from heterosexuals. Some studies were related to lesbians only, while the others concerned both the "gay - male" and the homosexuals in general. Focus was mainly on the cities and towns of the USA (San Francisco, Columbus, Northampton, New York, Los Angeles etc.). Considered types of residential segregation are certainly not exhaustive, but the authors find them useful as a conceptual tool for the future research and the creation of a residential segregation typology. The concluding part of the paper discusses some negative, but also some positive aspects of residential segregation. This phenomenon is often described as bad or at best temporary problem, even though there are many positive sides which are often overlooked by the media, policy-makers and even researchers. Finally, some examples of desegregation or dispersal policies in different countries are reconsidered together with their social impacts.

Izvorni jezik
Engleski

Znanstvena područja
Sociologija

POVEZANOST RADA