Naslov
Maize yield responses to mineral fertilization

Autori
Bertić, Blaženka ; Lončarić, Zdenko ; Vukadinović, Vladimir ; Vukobratović, Želimir ; Vukobratović, Marija ; Teklić, Tihana

Izvornik
Cereal Research Communications (0133-3720) 34 (2006), 1; 405-408

Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Radovi u časopisima, članak, znanstveni

Ključne riječi
maize ; fertilization ; nitrogen ; phosphorus ; potassium ; yield

Sažetak
The maize field trails were set up on loessive pseudogley at site Krizevci in central Croatia and they were conducted during three vegetations. The soil exhibited moderately acid reaction (pHKCl=4.96), low humus content (2.1 %), and averagely supplied with available P2O5 and K2O (148 and 122 mg kg-1, respectively). Treatments in the field trials were conducted in all growing seasons in this order: 1. no fertilizer, 2. N1P1 (80:100:0 kgha-1 N:P2O5:K2O), 3. N1K1 (80:0:100), 4. P1K1 (0:100:100), 5. N1P1K1 (80:100:100), 6. N2P1K1 (120:100:100), 7. N2P2K2 (120:200:200), (N3P2K2 (160:200:200), 9. N4P2K2 (200:200:200) and 10. N5P2K2 (240:200:200). Three-year (2002-2004) climate conditions in growing season significantly differed when it comes to the amount of rainfall and their disposition, but less differed on average month temperatures. The year 2004 stands out as the year with significantly higher yield. Higher amount of rainfall in March and April provided reserves of water in the soil for germination phase and early growth of maize. The same year had the best disposition of rainfall and average temperatures throughout growing season. This affected the amount of organic matter per hectare, which were significantly much higher then in two previous years. The highest dosage of fertilizer (240 kg N ha-1) on average doubled the grain yield comparing to nonfertilized treatment. Statistically significant increasing in grain yield and total above ground mass stops at N2P1K1 treatment with 120 kg N ha-1. PK treatment yields are almost at the control level, and all combinations with nitrogen showed statistically significant influence on the grain yield and above ground mass. Double dosage of nitrogen (N5 240 kg ha-1) in relation to N2 (120 kg ha- 1) on average increased the grain yield by 1 t ha-¹ ; ; (from 9.4 to 10.4) and the rest of above ground mass 1.5 t ha-¹ ; ; (from 7.9 to 9.4). Nitrogen had the highest influence on increase of grain yield, where comparing to phosphorous, it showed 3.5 times greater, or comparing to potassium 5.5 times greater effect. At the total above ground mass, N had 2.6 time greater influence then P and 3.2 times greater then K. The results of three-years fertilizing experiments show significant influence of climate conditions and fertilizers on maize yield and total organic mass. Although absolute amounts show increase in yield when nitrogen application per hectare is increased up to 240 kg ha-1, statistical significance of increase grain yield and total above ground mass shows that the optimum N fertilization amount is rather 120 kg N ha-1 then 240 kg N ha-1 with sufficient potassium and phosphorus availability.

Izvorni jezik
Engleski

Znanstvena područja
Poljoprivreda (agronomija)

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