Naslov
Soybean breeding program at the Agricultural Institute Osijek (Croatia): Achievements and challenges
(Soybean breeding program at the Agricultural Institute Osijek (Croatia): achievements and challenges)

Autori
Vratarić, Marija ; Sudarić, Aleksandra ; Duvnjak, Tomislav ; Sudar, Rezica ; Šimić, Branimir

Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Sažeci sa skupova, sažetak, znanstveni

Izvornik
Genetic variation for plant breeding / Vollmann, Johann ; Grausgruber, Heinrich ; Ruckenbauer, Peter - Beč : The University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), 2004

Skup
17th EUCARPIA General Congress

Mjesto i datum
Tulln, Austrija, 08.09.2004. - 11.09.2004

Vrsta sudjelovanja
Poster

Vrsta recenzije
Međunarodna recenzija

Ključne riječi
soybean; production; breeding program; objectives; methods; domestic cultivars

Sažetak
Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill), a 'wonder crop' of the 20th century, is a major source of vegetable oil and protein in the world. Current world soybean area is about 83.6 milion hectare with the average grain yield of 2.3 t/ha (FAO STAT, 2004). In Croatia, soybean production has had a positive trend both in surfaces and unitary yields, particularly through the last five years. Horizontal expansion of soybean as a crop and yield increasing resulted from improved cultivars as well as advances in cultural practices and general management, respectively. The contribution of the soybean breeding program at the Agricultural Institute Osijek to the development, stability and improvement of soybean production in Croatia has been fundamental and very significant as it has permanently developed high-yielding cultivars with genetic yield potential of 5-6 t/ha, satisfactory grain quality (protein and oil concentration) and high tolerance to the principal diseases as well as resistance on lodging and pod shattering. Besides yield level, cultivars ought to have good yield stability and adaptability to different agroecological conditions of production as well. The genetic improvement has been accomplished through the use of conventional breeding methods and outlines valid for self-pollinated crop such as soybean. Domestic and foreign genotypes have been used as parental components in hybridization programs. The pedigree selection method and single-seed-descent (SSD) method as well as combinations of these methods are applied to the inbreeding generations (F2-F5)for population improvement towards homozygosity. At homozygosity, preliminary tests with parents are carried out, and then selected lines are subjected to the exact experiments with the standard cultivars into the particular maturity group over different environments. The main testing as a part of the breeding program is done on the grain yield and grain quality (protein concentration, quantity and quality of oil). Moreover, the testing covers other important production traits. In the frame of the breeding activities, a program on application of molecular markers for determination of soybean genetic diversity as well as for detection of fungal pathotypes has been initiated. The result of the previous work on soybean breedingis 31 registered cultivars in the frame of 00 to II maturity group which are released to the Insitute (two cultivars are released in Hungary as well) in a period from 1976 to 2003. These cultivars are sown on large areas in the wide production (at present, about 10 Insitute's cultivars cover more than 60% of total area under soybean in Croatia) and significantly contribute to the increasing and improving of soybean production in the country. Further genetic improvement of soybean cultivars will be able by the application of conventional and molecular breeding tools.

Izvorni jezik
Engleski

Znanstvena područja
Poljoprivreda (agronomija)

POVEZANOST RADA