Naslov
Similarity of Dualism in Ancient Greek and India: Plato and Jain

Autori
Kokić, Tonći

Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Sažeci sa skupova, sažetak, znanstveni

Izvornik
18th Annual International Conference on Philosophy, 22-25 May 2023 Athens, Greece / 'O’Meara, William ; Gkounta, Olga' - Atena : THE ATHENS INSTITUTE FOR EDUCATION AND RESEARCH, 2023, 44-44

ISBN
978-960-598-549-3

Skup
18th Annual International Conference on Philosophy

Mjesto i datum
Online ; Atena, Grčka, 22.05.2023. - 25.05.2023

Vrsta sudjelovanja
Predavanje

Vrsta recenzije
Međunarodna recenzija

Ključne riječi
ancient philosophy ; dualism ; Jainism ; metempsychosis ; reincarnation

Sažetak
The key idea of dualism assumes two incommensurable orders of being: the eternal world of ideal beings and the temporal world of material beings. Dualism is most visible in living beings who possess a mortal body and immortal soul. Ancient Greek philosophy is the place of formation of numerous dualistic versions of the worldview, from the Orphics, through the Pythagoreans, Heraclitus and Empedocles, to Plato. Plato's teaching about the world in which eternal ideas reside represents the peak of dualism (and idealism) in ancient Greece, includes the idea of reincarnation (metempsýkhōsis) according to which soul (psykhḗ) separated (khōrismòs) from the body (sṓma) at the moment of death, means the separation of beings from non-beings. Similar teaching exists among the Jains who consider the soul to be fundamentally different from the body ; the two are composed of substantially different kinds of particles (aṇu): bigger make-up bodies and smaller but very fine particles (karmic matter or dirt, karma itself) build souls. For the Jains, the soul is immortal and perfect ; its original pure state has an infinite perception, knowledge, and divine blessedness. What is similar in Plato and Jain's belief, and that seems in possession of only these two teachings in the developed form, are 1) the substance that unites the immortal and the mortal, the imperishable and the perishable (Jain: karmic dirt, aṇu, and Greek: clay, pēlon), 2) separate intermediate stage between two incarnations or rebirth and 3) possibility of recall of absolute knowledge. The genealogy of these doctrines and their relationship is far from a convincing explanation: there may have been a transfer of learning or synchronicity. Up to date dilemma is still not resolved, but further studies may indicate that one of these explanations could be more likely.

Izvorni jezik
Engleski

Znanstvena područja
Filozofija

POVEZANOST RADA