Naslov
Which Sea are We Sailing? The Name of the Adriatic Sea on Old Maps

Autori
Faričić, Josip ; Mirošević, Lena

Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Sažeci sa skupova, sažetak, ostalo

Izvornik
Practical Geography and XXI Century Challenges. International Geographical Union Thematic Conference dedicated to the Centennial of the Institute of Geography of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Conference Book. Part 1. / - Moscow : Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences, 2018, 301-302

ISBN
978-5-94101-342-5

Skup
Practical Geography and XXI Century Challenges. International Geographical Union Thematic Conference dedicated to the Centennial of the Institute of Geography of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Mjesto i datum
Moskva, Ruska Federacija, 04.06.2018. - 06.06.2018

Vrsta sudjelovanja
Predavanje

Vrsta recenzije
Podatak o recenziji nije dostupan

Ključne riječi
Jadransko more, Golfo di Venezia, karte, geografska imena
(Adriatic Sea, Golfo di Venezia, map, chart, geographic name)

Sažetak
The use of several names for the same feature is common in toponymy. There may be different names for the same geographic feature, depending on motivation and use in various language communities which refer to the named object in different ways. For larger spatial units, the use of a toponym may indicate a historical linguistic background, linguistic adaptation, or a message communicated by the allocation of a new, or previously used name. This process can be traced, among other ways, by studying old maps, which are important sources of spatial data. As a medium for communicating space on maps, the creation of mental maps has also been of influence in the past, i.e. the perception of the area depicted, which includes the toponymic component. The Adriatic Sea is the most deeply recessed unit of the Mediterranean Sea, bordered by three European relief systems: the Appenines, the Alps, and the Dinaric Alps. For thousands of years, it has functioned as a link between Europe, Asia and Africa, and this accounts for its early naming in ancient written sources. Over time, its name stabilised, linked with the Etruscan harbour of Adria on the Appenine Peninsula (Gk. Αδριατικός κόλπος, Lat. Mare Hadriaticum, Mare Adriaticum). Variants of this name remain today in the Italian (Mare Adriatico), Slovenian (Jadransko morje), Croatian (Jadransko more), Montenegrin (Jadransko more), Albanian (Deti Adriatik) and modern Greek (Αδριατική θάλασσα). The name of the sea was adopted in other European languages from the languages of the peoples who inhabited the Adriatic coast (e.g. Eng. Adriatic Sea, Fr. Mer Adriatique, Ger. Adriatische Meer, Russ. Адриатическое море). However, in the early modern era, the Republic of Venice used the name Golfo di Venezia for the entire Adriatic Sea in official correspondence, and Venetian cartographers used it on their maps. Thus, Venice demonstrated its political and economic sovereignty over most of this sea, and considered it to be its own economic-navigational basin. Significantly, the Venetian cartographer Coronelli (1688) stated that the name of the Adriatic Sea was the old name of the Bay of Venice (Golfo di Venezia olim Adriaticum Mare) on his map of the sea. Through business and diplomatic relations between Venice and other European states, and in accordance with Venetian geographic maps and nautical charts of the Adriatic 302 Sea, the name Golfo di Venezia began to be used in other European languages (Eng. Gulf of Venice, Fr. Golfe de Venise, Dutch Golf van Venetië, etc.). The Venetian name was also adopted by Ottoman cartographers (for example Pîrî Reis used the name Wenedik körfezi’nde). But this name was not accepted by the Habsburgs, who themselves had pretensions towards the Adriatic Sea, particularly from the early 18th century on. So, on maps by Austrian cartographers, the old toponymic form Adriatische Meer was retained. With the abolition of the Republic of Venice in 1797, and changed geopolitical relations in the Adriatic, the name Golfo di Venezia began to be used for the northwest part of the Adriatic Sea, that is, the area north of the line connecting the mouth of the River Po and Cape Kamenjak on the Istrian peninsula. The old name for the entire sea, the Adriatic Sea, returned to general use. Although over two centuries have passed since the last use of the name Gulf of Venice for the entire Adriatic Sea, the name has been retained in the local speech of the inhabitants of the Croatian islands, in the form of the appellative kulaf (from the Italian golfo), for the open part of the Adriatic Sea. So, as a consequence of the former use of the name Golfo di Venezia, which demonstrated the Venetian sphere of interest in most of the Adriatic Sea, the island populations still use this one appellative in their local speech to refer to most of it.

Izvorni jezik
Engleski

Znanstvena područja
Interdisciplinarne društvene znanosti, Geografija

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