Naslov
Contacts in the west – Belegiš II and the Urnfield culture in the southern Carpathian Basin

Autori
Ložnjak Dizdar, Daria ;

Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Sažeci sa skupova, sažetak, znanstveni

Skup
Local Traditions, Culture Contact or Migration? The pottery of Cruceni-Belegiš-Gáva type as a chronological and cultural marker in Southeast Europe during the Late Bronze Age

Mjesto i datum
Temišvar, Rumunjska, 08.10.2018. - 10.10.2018

Vrsta sudjelovanja
Predavanje

Vrsta recenzije
Međunarodna recenzija

Ključne riječi
Late Bronze Age ; landscape ; settlements ; channelled pottery ; chronology

Sažetak
The territory of eastern Croatia is the extreme southwestern edge of distribution of the Belegiš II pottery at the beginning of the Late Bronze Age. It is the area between the Danube, the Drava and the Sava, where the finds of the Belegiš II pottery spread west to the first slopes of the “Slavonian mountains”. The landscape combines gentle hills with river valleys and marshy land with ancient woods. The excavations in eastern Croatia have unearthed only the settlements of the Belegiš II culture without their cemeteries, along with some isolated pottery finds known from the end of the 19th century which indicate the possibility of destroyed funerary complexes (i.e. Sotin, Dalj). The settlements stand next to rivers: on the loess plateau along the Danube and the Drava or on gentle elevations along the Bosut and the Vuka. Many settlements are protected by natural features such as surduk (gullies) or river meanders. In two cases, archaeological excavations revealed Late Bronze Age ditches next to the settlements, while the exploration of settlement infrastructure most often revealed dug-in structures of working spaces and pits. The chronology of the settlements of the Belegiš II culture can usually be established on the basis of documented stratigraphic relations and collected pottery. The metal objects found in the settlements belong to the Carpathian production network, as confirmed by the analysis of contemporary hoards of bronze objects in the same area. The ceramic inventory has all the formal and decorative characteristics of the Belegiš II culture dated to the 13th and 12th century BC and distributed in the eastern part of the area between the Drava, the Sava and the Danube, in southern Bačka and Banat, and in northern Serbia (Tasić 1981, Dietrich 2015). Some sites along the Danube contained fragments associated with the Gava culture. The inventory of ceramic ware includes various forms of pots, bowls, kantharoi, and cups, decorated with differently organised motifs with fluting as the dominant technique. The settlements on the western edge of distribution of the Belegiš II culture (i.e. Sarvaš, Osijek) include forms associated with the Urnfield culture. It is not easy to explain how the communication network operated in the period of the Belegiš II culture in the southern Carpathian Basin – whether it was transhumance pastoralism (Metzner-Nebesick 2000), trade (Forenbaher 1995), or the exchange of ideas and experience or migrations (Przybyła 2010). There could have been several modes of communication at the same time, which are reflected in the distribution of pottery forms, decorating styles, and metal objects (especially costume items and jewellery). A particularly obscure horizon is the one that appeared on the examined territory after the end of the Belegiš II culture. According to the current state of research, it had an even greater regional variance in the development of pottery styles in the southern Carpathian Basin, which would mark the very end of the 2nd millennium BC.

Izvorni jezik
Engleski

Znanstvena područja
Arheologija

POVEZANOST RADA