Naslov
Autoimmune Encephalitis

Autori
Lisak, Marijana ; Špiljak, Bruno ; Pašić, Hanna

Izvornik
Archives of psychiatry research (2671-1079) 59 (2023), 1; 65-74

Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Radovi u časopisima, pregledni rad, znanstveni

Ključne riječi
autoimmune diseases of the nervous system ; encephalitis ; autoantibodies ; neurobehavioral manifestations ; mental disorders

Sažetak
Abstract – The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive review of recent literature data for autoimmune encephalitis (AIE). AIE refers to inflammatory, non-infectious, immune-mediated encephalitis characterized by neuroinflammation, synthesis of neuronal autoantibodies (NAAs), directed against surface, synaptic and intracellular antigens, with subsequent neuronal dysfunction. It is characterized by heterogeneous anatomic-clinical syndromes and prominent neuropsychiatric symptoms. Due to overlapping of different clinical and diagnostic biomarkers, AIE is often considered diagnosis of exclusion and requires an extensive work-up. Systematic search of the term «autoimmune encephalitis» in the PubMed database was performed, with limitation set for systematic review in papers English, published from 2004- 2022. Further analysis was performed by the search of the author’s reference list and Autoimmune Encephalitis Alliance(AEA) website. The analysis was conducted according to PRISMA (The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta- Analyses) guidelines. Outcomes that were sought included: AIE classification and presentation ; diagnostic processing ; treatment. Preset search of published systematic reviews in PubMed database, derived eighty six papers. Further screening of derived data, author’s reference list and AEA website was performed, according to previously defined outcomes. Finally, sixteen papers were independently selected and thoroughly analyzed, with relevant conclusions presented in this paper. AIE is a severe inflammatory central nervous system (CNS) disorder with a complex differential diagnosis that often remains unrecognized. AIE research has established a wide range of new autoimmune antibodies syndromes, clinical and diagnostic biomarkers, which have improved diagnostic approach and treatment. Initial application of immunotherapy improves the outcome of disease.

Izvorni jezik
Engleski

Znanstvena područja
Temeljne medicinske znanosti

POVEZANOST RADA