Naslov
The global case fatality rate of coronavirus disease 2019 by continents and national income: A meta-analysis

Autori
Abou Ghayda, Ramy ; Lee, Keum Hwa ; Han, Young Joo ; Ryu, Seohyun ; Hong, Sung Hwi ; Yoon, Sojung ; Jeong, Gwang Hum ; Yang, Jae Won ; Lee, Hyo Jeong ; Lee, Jinhee ; Lee, Jun Young ; Effenberger, Maria ; Eisenhut, Michael ; Kronbichler, Andreas ; Solmi, Marco ; Li, Han ; Jacob, Louis ; Koyanagi, Ai ; Radua, Joaquim ; Park, Myung Bae ; Aghayeva, Sevda ; Ahmed, Mohamed L. C. B. ; Al Serouri, Abdulwahed ; Al- Shamsi, Humaid O. ; Amir-Behghadami, Mehrdad ; Baatarkhuu, Oidov ; Bashour, Hyam ; Bondarenko, Anastasiia ; Camacho-Ortiz, Adrian ; Castro, Franz ; Cox, Horace ; Davtyan, Hayk ; Douglas, Kirk ; Dragioti, Elena ; Ebrahim, Shahul ; Ferioli, Martina ; Harapan, Harapan ; Mallah, Saad, I ; Ikram, Aamer ; Inoue, Shigeru ; Jankovic, Slobodan ; Jayarajah, Umesh ; Jesenak, Milos ; Kakodkar, Pramath ; Kebede, Yohannes ; Kifle, Meron ; Koh, David ; Kokić Maleš, Višnja ; Kotfis, Katarzyna ; Lakoh, Sulaiman ; Ling, Lowell ; Llibre-Guerra, Jorge ; Machida, Masaki ; Makurumidze, Richard ; Mamun, Mohammed ; Masic, Izet ; Van Minh, Hoang ; Moiseev, Sergey ; Nadasdy, Thomas ; Nahshon, Chen ; Namendys-Silva, Silvio A. ; Yongsi, Blaise N. ; Nielsen, Henning B. ; Nodjikouambaye, Zita A. ; Ohnmar, Ohnmar ; Oksanen, Atte ; Owopetu, Oluwatomi ; Parperis, Konstantinos ; Perez, Gonzalo E. ; Pongpirul, Krit ; Rademaker, Marius ; Rosa, Sandro ; Sah, Ranjit ; Sallam, Dina ; Schober, Patrick ; Singhal, Tanu ; Tafaj, Silva ; Torres, Irene ; Smith Torres-Roman, J. ; Tsartsalis, Dimitrios ; Tsolmon, Jadamba ; Tuychiev, Laziz ; Vukcevic, Batric ; Wanghi, Guy ; Wollina, Uwe ; Xu, Ren-He ; Yang, Lin ; Zaidi, Zoubida ; Smith, Lee ; Shin, Jae Il

Izvornik
Journal of medical virology (0146-6615) 94 (2022), 6; 2402-2413

Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Radovi u časopisima, članak, znanstveni

Ključne riječi
case fatality rate ; continents ; COVID-19 ; proportion meta-analysis

Sažetak
The aim of this study is to provide a more accurate representation of COVID-19's case fatality rate (CFR) by performing meta-analyses by continents and income, and by comparing the result with pooled estimates. We used multiple worldwide data sources on COVID-19 for every country reporting COVID-19 cases. On the basis of data, we performed random and fixed meta-analyses for CFR of COVID-19 by continents and income according to each individual calendar date. CFR was estimated based on the different geographical regions and levels of income using three models: pooled estimates, fixed- and random-model. In Asia, all three types of CFR initially remained approximately between 2.0% and 3.0%. In the case of pooled estimates and the fixed model results, CFR increased to 4.0%, by then gradually decreasing, while in the case of random-model, CFR remained under 2.0%. Similarly, in Europe, initially, the two types of CFR peaked at 9.0% and 10.0%, respectively. The random-model results showed an increase near 5.0%. In high-income countries, pooled estimates and fixed-model showed gradually increasing trends with a final pooled estimates and random-model reached about 8.0% and 4.0%, respectively. In middle-income, the pooled estimates and fixed-model have gradually increased reaching up to 4.5%. in low-income countries, CFRs remained similar between 1.5% and 3.0%. Our study emphasizes that COVID-19 CFR is not a fixed or static value. Rather, it is a dynamic estimate that changes with time, population, socioeconomic factors, and the mitigatory efforts of individual countries.

Izvorni jezik
Engleski

Znanstvena područja
Kliničke medicinske znanosti

POVEZANOST RADA