Naslov
Izazovi političko-ekonomske emigracije obitelji Čolak-Podhraški od 1966. do 1991.
(Challenges of the political-economic emigration of the Čolak-Podhraški family from 1966 to 1991)

Autori
Podhraški Čizmek, Zrinka

Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Sažeci sa skupova, pp prezentacija, znanstveni

Skup
I. Međunarodna znanstveno-stručna konferencija „Suvremeni usud gastarbajterska naslijeđa Hrvatske“

Mjesto i datum
Zagreb, Hrvatska, 28.10.2022

Vrsta sudjelovanja
Predavanje

Vrsta recenzije
Recenziran

Ključne riječi
politički azil ; Italija ; jugoslavenska emigracija ; Nikola Čolak ; UDBA ; svakodnevni život
(political asylum ; Italy ; Yugoslav emigration ; Nikola Čolak ; UDBA ; everyday life)

Sažetak
Ovaj rad iznosi tridesetogodišnji pregled života obitelji Čolak i Podhraški nakon što je prof. Nikola Čolak, povjesničar i filozof kršćansko- liberalnog usmjerenja bio prisiljen 1966. emigrirati iz Jugoslavije. Slijedi se ne samo njegov put, čovjeka nepodobnog komunističkom režimu, od odlaska u Padovu, konkretne pomoći i angažmana krugova novinara Il Resto del Carlino, padovanskog biskupa te raznih kapucina, nego i drugih članova obitelji. Daje se uvid, na temelju intervjua, u slike i događaje tih prvih godina emigracije iz perspektive supruge Terezije, potom sina Roka i dvije kćeri čiji su životi zbog toga kompletno promijenjeni. Razvoj događaja u domovini i Hrvatsko proljeće prisiljavaju i stariju kćer Dubravku u emigraciju – a njenog supruga na uzaludno traženje gastarbajterskog kruha u Njemačkoj zbog odbijenice dozvole za rad od strane Beograda (!). Prikazuje se borba za preživljavanje i traženje posla onih u Italiji te višegodišnje maltretiranje Udbe mlađe Jadranke koja je ostala u Zagrebu, kao kćeri političkog emigranta, prisluškivanjem stana, saslušanjima i oduzimanjem pasoša te kršenjem njenih osnovnih ljudskih prava još tijekom 80tih godina. Autorica – treća generacija te obitelji – daje svoj uvid i sjećanja atmosfere u djetinjstvu i mladenaštvu koja je odisala čudnim duhom, a što nije znala kao dijete interpretirati. Koliko je obitelj bila praćena kroz godine potvrđuje i pronalazak aparata za prisluškivanje 1991. u stanu u Padovi i kontinuirani pokušaji ubacivanja „čudnih“ ljudi u njihove živote. Prikazuje nemogućnost dolaska u Hrvatsku kroz više godina, pokušaj upisa na fakultet 1989. u Zagrebu te odbijenicu koja će joj biti objašnjena, greškom, tek nakon stvaranja slobodne i suverene Republike Hrvatske i prijelaza, kao stranog državljana, s padovanskog fakulteta na zagrebački 1991., tijekom čudnog „saslušanja“ na policiji početkom 1992. – koje je potvrdilo mnoge ranije sumnje te evidentira drugu mračnu i nevidljivu stranu države koja je pod komunističkim režimom bila premrežena doušnicima, čime je bilo nagrizano samo tkivo društva.

Izvorni jezik
Hrvatski

Znanstvena područja
Ekonomija, Sociologija, Demografija, Povijest, Interdisciplinarne humanističke znanosti

Napomena
SUMMARY
This article is the thirty-year review of the life
of the Čolak family, as well as the Podhraškis,
after Prof. Nikola Čolak, a Christian-liberal
historian and philosopher, was forced to leave
Yugoslavia in 1966. It recounts not only Prof.
Čolak’s life from his arrival in Padua, as an
opponent to the Communist regime, to the support
given to his family by several journalists of the
newspaper Il Resto del Carlino, the bishop of
Padua and various Capuchins, but it also presents
the life events of some of his family members. An
insight is given into the early years of
emigration, based on interviews to Prof. Čolak’s
wife, Terezija, his son Roko and his two
daughters, Dubravka and Jadranka, whose lives were
completely overwhelmed. The course of the
political events in her homeland and the Croatian
Spring led Dubravka, his eldest daughter, to leave
for Germany along with her husband, who was denied
a job as Gastarbeiter due to Belgrade refusal to
issue him a work permit. Their consequent struggle
to survive looking for a job in Italy is shown, as
well as the several years of abuse by the UDBA on
the young Jadranka in Zagreb who, as a daughter of
a political refugee, had her basic human rights
violated all along the 1980s through the
confiscation of her passport, arbitrary police
interrogations and the wiretapping of her
apartment. The author, who belongs to the third
generation of the family, gives her own
perspective of the peculiar atmosphere of her
childhood and youth, which she could not interpret
as a child. The discovery of a bug device in the
author’s paternal home in Padua in 1991 and the
continuous attempts to introduce suspicious people
in her family’s life were further evidence of the
persecution her family had to face over the years.
Furthermore, the article gives account of the
impossibility for both families to enter Croatia
(Yugoslavia) for several years and the author’s
failed attempt to enroll the University of Zagreb
in 1989. The reasons were made her clear by
mistake only after the declaration of the free and
sovereign Republic of Croatia, during a peculiar
police interrogation at the beginning of 1992,
following her transfer – as a foreign citizen –
from the University of Padua to the University of
Zagreb in 1991. On one hand the interrogation
confirmed many previous suspicions, on the other
hand it highlighted the menacing and hidden side
of a country which, under the Communist regime,
was so networked with informers that the very
fabric of its society had been eroded.

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