Naslov
The importance of the subplate formation period in human corticogenesis and the potential pathogenesis of neurodevelopmental disorders

Autori
Junaković, Alisa ; Kopić, Janja ; Kostović, Ivica ; Krsnik, Željka

Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Sažeci sa skupova, sažetak, znanstveni

Izvornik
Mind & Brain Abstract Book / - , 2022, 45-45

Skup
Mind & Brain - 61st International Neuropsychiatric Congress

Mjesto i datum
Online; konferencija, 26.05.2022. - 29.05.2022

Vrsta sudjelovanja
Poster

Vrsta recenzije
Nije recenziran

Ključne riječi
human brain development ; cerebral cortex ; subplate

Sažetak
The human fetal neocortex is characterized by a transient fetal lamination as a result of neurogenetic processes, i.e. neuronal proliferation, migration, cellular molecular specification, and synaptogenesis. Development of the human fetal cerebral cortex begins during early prenatal development in such a way that neurons are born in the proliferative zones, migrate through the intermediate zone (IZ) and subplate compartment (SP) to reach their final laminar position in the cortical plate (CP), i.e. future cortical layers II-VI. Between 13 and 15 postconceptional weeks (PCW), the SP zone begins to form from the deep portions of the CP. SP formation is a human-characteristic process that results in the formation of the most prominent, synapse-rich fetal cortical compartment–the subplate, serving as a „waiting compartment“ for the thalamocortical afferents invading the CP around 24 PCW, a time when the human fetus can experience painful stimuli. In addition, a period of around 13 PCW is one of the vulnerable developmental windows for growing thalamo-SP circuitry. Transient SP is one of the key components of early fetal neuronal circuitry. Thus, abnormal SP formation is associated with the potential pathogenesis of neurodevelopmental disorders, such as autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia where early neuronal circuitry may be disturbed. Moreover, SP may be damaged in premature infants during the hypoxic-ischemic episode in a way that the diffuse form of periventricular leukomalacia develops. In that regard, it is clinically important that SP can be visualized on both in vivo and in vitro MRI, due to its abundant extracellular matrix (ECM) content. Here, we aimed to get a better insight into the process of SP formation (cell „spread down“ of the CP) in the human fetal neocortical cerebral wall. We utilized immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence of diverse molecular markers on postmortem prenatal human brain tissue between 13 and 15 PCW to follow dynamic processes of the SP formation. Our results revealed expression pattern dynamics of diverse molecular markers during the process of SP formation, i.e. transcription factors used as suitable neuronal laminar and projection neuron markers, showing the cell „spread-down“ from the deeper parts of the CP and consequently, the SP expansion period. In that way, one of the key processes in human corticogenesis, the subplate formation, can be clearly visualized in the postmortem human fetal brain studies.

Izvorni jezik
Engleski

Znanstvena područja
Temeljne medicinske znanosti, Biotehnologija u biomedicini (prirodno područje, biomedicina i zdravstvo, biotehničko područje)

POVEZANOST RADA