Naslov
“M. Theresa: Infelix, sed adhuc tamen meo dignus amore Filius.” A view on Maria Theresa's opinion of Joseph the Second regarding his policy towards Hungary according to Joseph Keresturi's writings

Autori
Ledić, Stipe

Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Sažeci sa skupova, neobjavljeni rad, znanstveni

Skup
'King' Maria Theresia. International Conference Dedicated to the 300th Anniversary of her Birth.

Mjesto i datum
Zagreb, Hrvatska, 10.04.2017. - 11.04.2017

Vrsta sudjelovanja
Predavanje

Vrsta recenzije
Nije recenziran

Ključne riječi
Joseph Kerestury ; Maria Theresia, Joseph II ; Josephus II in Campis Elysiis

Sažetak
According to the testimony of Joseph Voltić, the eyewitness, the city of Vienna was in 1780-ties was “flooded” with various publications of worthless content. Voltić pointed out the lack of knowledge as well as the omit and mockery of Latin language, but also jesting to abbots – but most of all he pointed the possibility that anyone can comment everything. The problem was escalated to the level that Voltić suggested forming a committee whitch main task would be controlling of writings and selecting what could be and what could not be allowed to be published. Nevertheless, in the same letter Voltić underlined that in the contemporary Vienna there were many wise and educated writers, among them there was “Josephus Keresztury Hungarus - royal agent, poet, educated layer and historian”. Joseph Keresturi (Croata Stridonensis) gained his education in Jesuit ratio studiorum. In no circumstances this meant that Keresturi was educated in the branch of education which main goal was constant improvement of linguistic expression in Latin, the practice heavily criticized and ironized by his contemporary, Balthasar Adam Krčelić. Keresturi’s writings – comments of two tome collections of law provisions, detailed historical and juridical discussion on insurrection, literary prosaic writings in the form of dialogs in which he actualized socio-political relations after the death of Joseph II – definitely testify that he was widely educated writer in humanistic manner. After he had left Jesuit order Keresturi finished the study of law. His first appointment was ordinarius notarius in Varaždin in the time of founding Croatian Royal Chamber (Consilium regium Croaticum). As a member of various committees Keresturi had opportunity to get acquainted with the reforms introduced by Royal Court in Vienna as well as the political elites of his time. In 1771 Keresturi became agens aulicus at the Hungarian Royal Chamber (Cancellaria Hungarico-Aulica) in Vienna, and on that position he stayed for next twenty years. Because of the aforementioned Hungarian Royal Chamber was the mediator between Royal Court in Vienna and the lands of the Crown of St. Stephen, Keresturi was very well acquainted with the royal politics of towards Hungary – he was in medias res. During that period that lasted for twenty years, he was the editor of Ephemerides Vindobonenses, a journal published twice per week in Latin. This journal presented political, cultural, economic and various other news from Monarchy (especially from Croatia) and Europe, as well as the reports on the royal reforms and other activities undertaken by Maria Teresa and Joseph II. Immediately after the death of Joseph II in 1790 Keresturi published literal and political fiction entitled Josephus II in Campis Elysiis. Somnium Eleutherii Panonii under the pseudonym of Eleutherius Panonius (“the free Hungarian”). In the foreword of this work Keresturi presented his thesis and conception of the writtings, but he also vividly depicted the bitterness of Hungarian Estates as the result of the reforms conducted by the Joseph II as well as the tension in Hungarian society after the Emperor’s death. Furthermore, Keresturi presented himself as Hungarus Author in order to emphasis the fact that he himself is member of Hungarian Estates, but also recommended to the readers to hesitate with final verdict not before analyzing Emperor’s intentions and deeds. Emperor Joseph’s reign is explored via Emperor’s dialogs with his mother (Colloquium I – IV) all symbolically taken place under the shadow of late Hungarian kings in Elysian Fields. In the fifth chapter the discussion among the late Hungarian kings was depicted. Some of them accepted and lauded Emperor’s policy towards Hungary, while other rejected and condemned it. Keresturi decided to use the form of dialogue between Emperor Joseph II and his mother Maria Teresa “in order to illuminated the truth in contrast of confronted discussion of shadows” (quod mutuis umbrarum colloquiis veritas magis illustrari). The ideal starting point of the character of Maria Teresa is actual perspective of Hungarian Estates. She became advocata Hungariae, that is advocate of Hungarian Estates. Although her discords are not unambiguous, however it is in confronted with Joseph’s reform ; and by that Maria Teresa is presented as the queen who had idyllic relations with Hungarian Estates. Therefore, it is obvious that by the choice of the words used in the title, Keresturi wanted to present the main massage that Emperor Joseph’s intentions toward Hungary were not to be condemned.

Izvorni jezik
Engleski

Znanstvena područja
Povijest

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