Naslov
Djela iz logike u Hrvata tijekom 19. stoljeća
(Works on logic in Croats during the 19th century)

Autori
Potlimbrzović, Hrvoje

Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Ocjenski radovi, doktorska disertacija

Fakultet
Filozofski fakultet

Mjesto
Zagreb

Datum
19.04

Godina
2022

Stranica
298 + IX

Mentor
Lauc, Davor

Ključne riječi
filozofija, logika, hrvatska filozofska baština, hrvatska logička baština, djela iz logike, 19. stoljeće
(philosophy, logic, Croatian philosophical heritage, Croatian logical heritage, works on logic, 19th century)

Sažetak
U radu su istraženi sadržaj i obilježja zasebnih djela iz logike koja su tijekom 19. stoljeća napisali hrvatski mislioci. U tom su razdoblju sljedeća devetorica hrvatskih logičara napisala ili priredila jedanaest djela koja su posvećena toj filozofskoj disciplini: Pietro Bottura (1779– 1861), Vatroslav Bertić (1818–1901), Juraj Pulić (1816–1883), Vinko Pacel (1825–1869), Josip Glaser (1842–1920), Gjuro (Đuro) Arnold (1853–1941), Albin Nađ (1866–1901), Gavro Manojlović (1856– 1939) i Franjo Marković (1845–1914). Sva njihova djela pripadaju žanru udžbenikā ili skripata namijenjenih za srednjoškolsku ili fakultetsku nastavu iz logike. U tim je djelima prevladavala građa koja pripada tradicionalnoj logici, ali je prisutan i sadržaj koji pripada matematičkoj logici. Zamjetna su i druga tada suvremena nastojanja, posebice ona koja se odnose na teorije suda. Polovicom stoljeća uočljivi su i elementi logičke semiotike, koja je postala aktualna tek u narednim desetljećima. Djela iz logike iz pera hrvatskih mislilaca iz 19. stoljeća otkrivaju i bogatstvo logičkih koncepcija zastupanih u njima, a svjedoče i o njihovim prožimanjima. Kada se radi o uže logičkim problemima, u hrvatskoj logičkoj baštini tog razdoblja prevladavala je korespondencijska teorija istinitosti. Uz to, hrvatski su logičari iskazivali upućenost u povijest logike, ali i u nauk suvremenikā, pri čemu su zamjetne i afirmacija i negacija. Osim toga, u svojim su djelima inovirali logičke sadržaje koji su itekako zastupljeni u hrvatskoj logičkoj literaturi 20. i 21. stoljeća. Osmišljavali su i nova terminološka rješenja za logiku na hrvatskom jeziku, koja su u manjoj mjeri prihvaćena i primjenjivana u kasnijim djelima. Na kraju, u svojim su djelima uspostavili metodičko- didaktičke standarde za učenje i poučavanje logike. Iz tih zaključaka proizlaze i obilježja devetnaestostoljetne hrvatske logike. Označena je usustavljivanjem građe u okviru srednjoškolske i fakultetske literature. Utjecala je na hrvatsku logiku iz 20. i dosadašnjeg dijela 21. stoljeća, jer je znatan dio njezine građe bio okosnica kasnijih udžbenika iz tradicionalne logike. Uz to, obilježena je traganjem za hrvatskim terminološkim rješenjima za logičke internacionalizme. Unatoč tome što su malobrojna od tih rješenja primjenjivana u kasnijim djelima, ipak su bila podstrek koji je rezultirao uspostavljanjem logičke terminologije na hrvatskom jeziku. Devetnaestostoljetna hrvatska logika pratila je razvojne smjerove europske logike tog razdoblja, postavila je temelje logike na nacionalnom jeziku te je uvelike doprinijela razvitku i prepoznatljivosti logike u Hrvatskoj.

Izvorni jezik
Hrvatski

Znanstvena područja
Filozofija

Napomena
The thesis explores the content and
characteristics of separate works on logic written
by Croatian thinkers during the 19th century.
During this period, the following nine Croatian
logicians wrote or prepared eleven works dedicated
to this philosophical discipline: Pietro Bottura
(1779–1861), Vatroslav Bertić (1818–1901), Juraj
Pulić (1816–1883), Vinko Pacel (1825–1869), Josip
Glaser (1842–1920), Gjuro (Đuro) Arnold (1853–
1941), Albin Nađ (1866–1901), Gavro Manojlović
(1856–1939) and Franjo Marković (1845–1914). All
their works belong to the genre of textbooks or
manuscripts intended for secondary school or
university teaching. The works were dominated by
the material belonging to traditional logic, with
a special emphasis on its scopes derived from the
teachings of German, but also English and French
logicians from the 18th and the 19th centuries.
There is also content that belongs to mathematical
logic, firstly only in hints in Bertić’s work and
then in the form of criticism in Marković’s
manuscript, while it is fully evident in Nađ’s
textbook in the Italian language. Besides
mathematical logic, other then contemporary
endeavours are discernible in the works on logic
in Croats during the 19th century, especially
those pertaining to the theories of judgment, more
precisely to the discussion of the components of
that logical form of thinking. A logical approach
to language issues is also noticeable, which gave
rise to the topics belonging to the philosophy of
language in general, and logical semiotic in
particular, which also means that those issues
anticipated topics that became a part of the focus
of logical discussions in the decades to follow.
The works on logic from the pens of Croatian
thinkers in the 19th century not only reveal the
richness of the conceptions of logic represented
in them (formalistic, real, formal-real,
psychologistic, Neo-scholastic) but also attest to
numerous examples of their permeation. When it
comes to narrower logical problems, the
correspondence theory of truth prevailed in the
Croatian logical heritage of that period.
Moreover, Croatian logicians showed the knowledge
of the history of logic, both in its presentations
in separate chapters and in the logical material
across their works. Besides the knowledge of
history, they demonstrated the knowledge of the
teachings of their contemporaries, approaching
them mostly affirmatively but sometimes also
critically. Croatian logicians from the 19th
century also offered new logical contents in their
works, which were in many cases represented in the
works on traditional logic published in Croatia
during the 20th and the 21st centuries. In
addition, they devised new terminological
solutions for logic in the Croatian language,
which were less accepted and applied in later
works, certainly as the result of the changes in
the linguistic and political circumstances in
Croatian history. In the end, in their works, they
established methodological and didactic standards
for learning and teaching logic that particularly
relate to exercises, examples and explanations of
various procedures. All that also means that the
features of the works on logic by Croatian
thinkers of the 19th century largely coincide with
the features of the European logic of that period.
The characteristics of nineteenth-century Croatian
logic also derive from those conclusions. The
nineteenth-century Croatian logic is marked by the
systematisation of material within secondary
school and university literature. Furthermore, it
influenced Croatian logic in the 20th and up to
the present part of the 21st century, as its
material was the backbone of later textbooks in
traditional logic to a significant extent. In
addition, it is characterised by the search for
Croatian terminological solutions for
international logical terminology. Even though few
of those solutions were applied in later works,
they were still an incentive that resulted in the
establishment of logical terminology in the
Croatian language. Nineteenthcentury Croatian
logic followed the directions of the development
of European logic of that period, laid the
foundations of logic in the national language and
greatly contributed to the development and
recognition of logic in Croatia.

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