Naslov
Razine kategorizacije u zadatku alternativne uporabe predmeta
(Principles of categorization in Alternative Uses Task)

Autori
Kućar, Maja

Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Sažeci sa skupova, sažetak, znanstveni

Izvornik
Current trends in Psychology 2017 / - Novi Sad, 2017, 102-103

Skup
Current trends in Psychology

Mjesto i datum
Novi Sad, Srbija, 19.10.2017. - 21.10.2017

Vrsta sudjelovanja
Predavanje

Vrsta recenzije
Međunarodna recenzija

Ključne riječi
kognitivna psihologija, zadatak alternativne uporabe predmeta, divergentno mišljenje
(cognitive psychology, alternative uses task, divergent thinking)

Sažetak
ABSTRACT – Principles of categorization in Alternative Uses Task In object categorization three categorization levels can be identified: basic (e.g. 'dog'), superorditate (e.g. 'animal') and subordinate (e.g. 'labrador'). A great amount of research showed that the status of the basic level is superior in comparison to other two levels. The effects of categorization level are usually examined with paradigms including object attributes naming or free associating.The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of categorization level (superordinate, basic, subordinate) in the object attributes naming task and to test whether the superiority of basic level categorization can be generalised to a more complex task ; Alternative Uses Task. 47 participants from the Faculty of Social Sciences in Rijeka took part in the study. The participants were tested in the Remote Associations Test (RAT test), often used as a measure of divergent thinking, in the classic object attributes naming task and in the Alternative Uses Task. Within each task, 3 objects were presented for each categorization level. In Alternative Uses Task, 4 components of divergent thinking were measured: originality, fluency, flexibility and elaboration of the answers. One-way ANOVA with repeated measures for categorization level was conducted in object attributes naming task. As expected, a main effect of categorization level was found (F=35, 26, df=1, 46, p<0, 01, η2=0, 61). Šidak post-hoc revealed that the most attributes were produced on the basic level (M=7, 1, SD=2, 70), compared to superordinate (M=5, 82, SD=2, 55) and subordinate level (M=5, 49, SD=2, 29). For Alternative Uses Task, one-way ANOVA was conducted for 4 divergent thinking components. There was a significant main effect of categorization level only for the originality component of divergent thinking (F=3, 33, df=1, 46, p<0, 05, η2=0, 13 ). Šidak post-hoc analysis revealed higher originality on subordinate level (M=1, 15, SD=1, 64) compared to superordinate level (M=0, 83, SD=1, 11). A significant effect was not found for the remaining components: fluency, flexibility and elaboration. RAT test showed a significant correlation with originality on superordinate (r=0, 29, p<0, 05) and subordinate level (r=0, 38, p<0, 01), elaboration on superordinate (r=0, 4, p<0, 01) and basic level (r=0, 32, p<0, 05). There was a significant negative correlation of RAT test score with subordinate fluency (r=0, 32, p<0, 05). The correlations between RAT test scores and performance in object attributes naming task did not reach significance level (expectedly). To conclude, the absence of categorization level effect for 3 out of 4 components of divergent thinking implies that different cognitive processes are used in Alternative Uses Task to which the superiority of basic level categorization can not be generalised.

Izvorni jezik
Engleski

Znanstvena područja
Psihologija

POVEZANOST RADA