Naslov
Preclinical evidence on the anticancer properties of phytocannabinoids

Autori
Blažeković, Biljana ; Kindl, Marija ; Bival Štefan, Maja ; Mervić, Mateja ; Vladimir-Knežević, Sanda

Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Sažeci sa skupova, sažetak, ostalo

Izvornik
Libri oncologici / - , 2017, 47-47

Skup
1. regionalni kongres onkološke farmacije

Mjesto i datum
Dubrovnik, Hrvatska, 04.05.2017. - 07.05.2017

Vrsta sudjelovanja
Poster

Vrsta recenzije
Domaća recenzija

Ključne riječi
phytocannabinoids, THC, CBD, cancer

Sažetak
Phytocannabinoids are unique terpenophenolic compounds predominantly produced in the glandular trichomes of the cannabis plant (Cannabis sativa L.). The delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is the main active constituent responsible for the plant’s psychoactive eff ect and, together with the non- psychoactive cannabidiol (CBD), the most investigated naturally occurring cannabinoid. The fi rst report on the antitumor properties of cannabis compounds appeared more than forty years ago, but the potential of targeting the endocannabinoid system in cancer has recently att racted increasing interest. Our study aimed to review the last decade’s fi ndings on the anticancer potential of plant- derived cannabinoids and the possible mechanisms of their activity. A large body of in vitro data has been accumulated demonstrating that phytocannabinoids aff ect a wide spectrum of tumor cells, including gliomas, neuroblastomas, hepatocarcinoma as well as skin, prostate, breast, cervical, colon, pancreatic, lung and hematological cancer. It has been found that they can stop the uncontrolled growth of cancer cells through the cell-cycle arrest, inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of autophagy and apoptosis. They can also block all the steps of tumor progression, including tumor cell migration, adhesion and invasion as well as angiogenesis. The observed eff ects are mainly mediated by the cannabinoid CB1 and/or CB2 receptors, although some other receptors and mechanisms unrelated to receptor stimulation may also be involved. The majority of available animal studies confi rmed that phytocannabinoids are capable of eff ectively decreasing cancer growth and metastasis in vivo. THC was found to be eff ective against experimental glioma, liver, pancreatic, breast and lung cancer while CBD showed activity against glioma and neuroblastoma, melanoma, colon, breast, prostate and lung cancer. Further in vitro and in vivo studies also greatly support their use in combination with traditional chemotherapy or radiotherapy, which results in improved effi ciency, att enuated toxicity or reduced drug resistance. Taken together most of available preclinical results emphasize the extensive therapeutic potential of THC and CBD in various types of cancers. The potential clinical interest of cannabinoids is additionally suggested by their selectivity for tumor cells as well as their good tolerance and the absence of normal tissue toxicity, which are still the major limitations of most conventional drugs. The accumulated preclinical evidence strongly suggests the need for clinical testing of cannabinoids in cancer patients.

Izvorni jezik
Engleski

Znanstvena područja
Biologija, Javno zdravstvo i zdravstvena zaštita, Farmacija

POVEZANOST RADA