Naslov
The consequences of recent emigration on the educational and workforce system of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, and Croatia

Autori
Jurić, Tado ; Hadžić, Faruk

Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Radovi u zbornicima skupova, cjeloviti rad (in extenso), znanstveni

Izvornik
Migracije i identitet: kultura, ekonomija, država / Perić Kaselj, Marina - Zagreb, 2021, 100-128

Skup
Međunarodna znanstveno-stručna konferencija: Migracije i identitet: kultura, ekonomija, država II

Mjesto i datum
Zagreb, Hrvatska, 09.12.2020. - 11.12.2020

Vrsta sudjelovanja
Predavanje

Vrsta recenzije
Međunarodna recenzija

Ključne riječi
1) emigration from Croatia, (2) emigration from Serbia, (3) emigration from Bosnia and Herzegovina, (4) consequences of emigration, (5) workforce

Sažetak
The paper presents the consequences of the emigration of the population to the education system and labor force in Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H), Serbia, and Croatia. Demographic data analysis performed in this paper for B&H showed that in the period from 2014 to 2018, the net reduction in the workforce was 10% of the total workforce. In the period 2014/2015 - 2019/2020, the number of pupils in primary schools decreased by 7, 76%, in secondary schools by 21, 51% of the total pupils, while the number of students decreased by 26, 88%. In Serbia, as in the case of BiH, the number of pupils is declining rapidly, while at the same time the share of retirees in society is growing. Croatia has almost the same ratio of active and inactive population. In the period since Croatia's accession to the EU, Croatia lost 10% of all pupils, and become 10% more pensioners. Since Croatia's accession to the EU (2013) only to Germany emigrated 52, 000 children. Results: There is a direct link between the increase in emigration and the number of pupils and students in primary and secondary school and higher education for Bosnia and Herzegovina. In Serbia, there is only a correlation in the case of the number of pupils in primary school. It was not possible to test the hypothesis in an identical way for Croatia, due to the lack of the same methodology in collecting data on the number of first permits issued, given that Croatia is an EU member. Therefore, in the case of Croatia's educational system, we compared the number of pupils by counties before Croatia acceded to the EU (2013) and for each year until 2020. The analysis showed a decrease in the number of pupils by 48, 375 from 2013 to 2020. The emigration of the population from B&H, Serbia, and Croatia limits the key factor in the production process - human capital. In this way, those countries will soon reach the limit of their production possibilities, and future economic progress will be limited and insufficient to finance all state needs. Governments need to adopt measures and policies to address key factors that encourage emigration, which will further create the preconditions for faster growth and development.

Izvorni jezik
Engleski

Znanstvena područja
Demografija, Interdisciplinarne društvene znanosti

POVEZANOST RADA