Naslov
Cognitive reflection and reflexion in moral reasoning

Autori
Gregov, Ljiljana ; Proroković, Ana ; Šimić, Nataša ; Tokić, Andrea

Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Sažeci sa skupova, sažetak, znanstveni

Skup
Savremeni trendovi u psihologiji = Current Trends in Psychology

Mjesto i datum
Novi Sad, Srbija, 24.10.2019. - 27.10.2019

Vrsta sudjelovanja
Predavanje

Vrsta recenzije
Međunarodna recenzija

Ključne riječi
index of moral reasoning, reflexive, reflective, CRT, Kohlberg's moral stages

Sažetak
Previous studies showed relations between results of the Cognitive Reflection Test (CRT) and utilitarian moral reasoning, but, there is not clear evidence does CRT results correlate with moral reasoning when it is measured by hypothetic scenarios (i.e. when there are no intuitive answers). The aim of this study was to test do people who prefer reflexive or reflective types of thinking (measured by CRT test) differ in moral reasoning when it` s assessed by hypothetic scenarios. We assumed that people who prefer the reflexive way of thinking would have a higher result on Test of moral reasoning because this sort of thinking is related to preferences for higher engagement in complex cognitive tasks (and which corresponds to arguments related to Kohlberg´s higher stages of moral development). In contrary, reflective types generally prefer a heuristic way of thinking so we assumed that persons who prefer this type of thinking would have lower results on Test of moral reasoning. In this study participated 442 subjects (279 males, 163 females ; age range 19 - 76 (M=34.52)). The task of subjects was to fill out online English versions of Moral reasoning test (Proroković, 2016) and expanded version of Cognitive Reflection Test (CRT) (Toplak, West, Stanovich, 2014). Two tests were applied through PsyToolkit software which collected the subject`s answer and time needed to answer (response time). Based on CRT result two groups of participants are formed: reflexive type (n=211 ; 5 of 7 correct answers) and reflective type (n=100 ; minimum 4 of 7 intuitive answers). The results showed that reflexive types had a higher level of moral reasoning (IMR) than reflective type (F(1, 309)=4.94 ; p=.027). These two types also differed in the perception of relevance arguments that reflect the six Kohlberg's stages of moral SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 180 development (F(1, 309)=19.30, p=.000), the reflective types all six arguments assessed as more relevant than reflexive types. The relevance of arguments linearly rises with stage increment (F(5, 305)=6.87, p=.009), which is expected. For reflexive type this rise is linear, however, for reflective type, it seems that exists two categories of argument´s relevancy, i.e. low relevant arguments (reflects first, second and fourth stages) and high relevant argument, which reflects third, fifth and sixth stages. These unusual results in the conventional stage are something specific related to the reflective group, i.e. they are driven by affect based on associations (social norms) rather than rules (laws). Finally, it seems that cognitive reflection types are related to moral reasoning even than when moral reasoning is measured by the instrument which doesn’t have the intuitive type of answers (like utilitarian dilemmas have).

Izvorni jezik
Engleski

Znanstvena područja
Psihologija

POVEZANOST RADA