Naslov
Primjena biljne biotehnologije u proizvodnji korisnih metabolita
(Plant biotechnology application in useful metabolite production)

Autori
Bauer, Nataša ; Mihaljević, Snježana ; Leljak-Levanić, Dunja ; Jelaska, Sibila

Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Sažeci sa skupova, sažetak, znanstveni

Izvornik
Priopćenja s 38. znanstvenog skupa hrvatskih agronoma s međunarodnim sudjelovanjem / Žimbrek, Tito - Zagreb : Agronomski fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, 2003, 67- 68

Skup
38. znanstveni skup hrvatskih agronoma s međunarodnim sudjelovanjem

Mjesto i datum
Opatija, Hrvatska, 19.02.2003. - 21.02.2003

Vrsta sudjelovanja
Poster

Vrsta recenzije
Nije recenziran

Sažetak
Plants yield biochemicals used as medicines and compounds important to the food, flavorings, cosmetic and fine chemical industries. Plant transformation technology has been extended to a large number of agriculturally and horticulturally relevant plant species. Beside that, cloning of a selected genotype is a natural routine process in plant propagation. Today powerful biotechnology enable us to modify plant product synthesis &#8211 ; to eliminate toxic or undesirable metabolites, to increase the synthesis of wanted product or to introduce the synthesis of novel product. Plants constitute an increasingly accepted novel biofactory system for commercial production of complex proteins and biologically active molecules. They are useful as host cells for the expression of foreign proteins, particularly those that undergo processing, modification and assembly, or are difficult to express or efficiently excrete in recombinant microbial or mammalian systems. Early plant bioengineering included modification of storage proteins. The nutritional value of seed was increased by addition of essential amino acids to DNA sequence of seed storage proteins. Recently the ability to produce transgenic proteins in plants has been exploited to produce medical and therapeutical proteins for commercial purposes. These include production of immunoglobulins and fibrous proteins. Plants produce broad variety of chemical compounds that have large economical importance. More then 100000 compounds are now known from plants. These compounds are synthesized during secondary metabolism and are connected with important traits of the plant itself &#8211 ; color or fragrance of flowers, taste and color of food, and resistance against pests and diseases. They could be fine chemicals such as drugs, antioxidants, flavors, fragrances, days, insecticides and pheromones. Genetic modification of plant cells enable higher production of biologically active compounds, production of novel flowers and food colors, testes and fragrances, and could improved nutritional effect of food and resistance against pests and diseases. In our laboratory in vitro culture of plant cells, tissues and organs are used both as a research tool in plant growth and development, and to improve micropropagation, regeneration of transgenic plants and the production of secondary metabolites. Secondary metabolite production of two medically important plants is investigated. One of the most prominent secondary compounds in Coleus blumei is rosmarinic acid (RA). The biological activity of RA is described as antioxidative, antibacterial, antiviral and antyinflamatory. Transformed callus and root lines of C. blumei with high amount RA production were established. European yew (Taxus baccata L.) contains paclitaxel, one of the most promising natural anticancer agents. These species is endangered and prone to extinction in Europe. Callus cultures of T. baccata that have potential to produce anticancer agent cephalomanneine and taxan-like substance were induced in our laboratory. By changing growth conditions we were able to scale-up production of desirable secondary metabolites in established cell and tissue cultures.

Izvorni jezik
Engleski

Znanstvena područja
Biologija

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