Naslov
The 2017 September 10th events and their imprints at Earth, Mars and STEREO-A

Autori
Guo, J. ; Dumbovic, M. ; Wimmer-Schweingruber, R. F. ; Temmer, M. ; Lohf, H. ; Wang, Y. ; Veronig, A. ; Hassler, D. ; Mays, M. L. ; Zeitlin, C. ; Ehresmann, B. ; Witasse, O. G. ; Freiherr von Forstner, J. L. ; Heber, B. ; Holmström, M. ; Posner, A.

Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Sažeci sa skupova, sažetak, znanstveni

Skup
American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2018

Mjesto i datum
Sjedinjene Američke Države, 10.12.2018. - 14.12.2018

Vrsta sudjelovanja
Predavanje

Vrsta recenzije
Međunarodna recenzija

Ključne riječi
coronal mass ejections, solar energetic particles, space weather

Sažetak
On 2017 September 10th, the active region (AR) 2673 produced solar energetic particles (SEPs) which resulted in the first ground level enhancement (GLE) observed at the surface of two different planets: Earth and Mars. This was the biggest GLE on the surface of Mars, ̃ 160 ◦ longitudinally east of Earth, as observed by the Radiation Assessment Detector (RAD) since the landing of the Curiosity rover in August 2012. Both Earth and Mars saw a significant enhancement of the accelerated protons with energies larger than hundreds of MeV whereas STEREO-A, despite being at the back-side of the event, detected gradually increasing fluxes of particles transported there across the heliospheric magnetic fields. Such high energetic particles were mainly accelerated by the flare and shock clearly identified on the solar west limb in SDO/AIA and GOES/SUVI images. Based on STEREO-A and SOHO chronograph images and the Graduated Cylindrical Shell (GCS) model, we identify the initial 3D kinematics of an extremely fast (>2500 km/s) Coronal Mass Ejection (CME) and its shock front, as well as another two CMEs launched hours earlier with moderate speeds. The three CMEs interacted as they propagated outwards into the heliosphere and merged into a complex interplanetary CME (ICME). The arrival of the shock and ICME at Mars caused the biggest Forbush Decrease (FD) ever seen by RAD and the arrival time is only a few hours later than that at Earth, which was about 0.5 AU closer to the Sun. We investigate the interplanetary propagation of the three CMEs and the merged ICME together with the shock, using the Drag Based Model(DBM) and the WSA-ENLIL plus cone model constrained by the in-situ observations. The synergistic study of the ICME and SEP arrivals at Earth, Mars and STEREO-A suggests that to better predict potentially hazardous space weather impacts at Earth and other heliospheric locations for human exploration missions, it is essential to analyze 1) the CME kinematics, especially during their interactions, 2) the spatially and temporally varying heliospheric conditions, such as the evolution and propagation of the stream interaction regions and finally 3) the influence of such heliospheric structures on the transport and properties of SEPs in the interplanetary space.

Izvorni jezik
Engleski

Znanstvena područja
Fizika

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