Naslov
The need for reliable biomarkers for monitoring potential treatments in Alzheimer's disease

Autori
Šimić, Goran

Vrsta, podvrsta i kategorija rada
Sažeci sa skupova, prošireni sažetak, znanstveni

Izvornik
Xjenza Volume 5, Special Issue COST 2017 (reprint of Book of Abstracts) / - , 2017, 79-79

Skup
Neuropathologyand Neuropharmacology of Monoaminergic Systems, Annual Conference

Mjesto i datum
Bordeaux, Francuska, 08.10.2014. - 10.10.2014

Vrsta sudjelovanja
Pozvano predavanje

Vrsta recenzije
Međunarodna recenzija

Ključne riječi
Alzheimer's disease ; biomarkers ; reliability ; monitoring ; follow up ; behavioral assessment ; structural volumetry ; measurement of brain metabolism ; FDG-PET ; measurement of brain amyloid beta load ; PiB PET ; cerebrospinal fluid ; post-mortem histopathology

Sažetak
The search for predictive biomarkers for Alzheimer’sdisease (AD) is of high priority in neurodegenerative disease research underlined by the lack of significant progress in identifying new treatments for the past 12 years. Despite major efforts and considerable investments, the treatments approved for AD are only palliative. They include cholinesterase inhibitors (donepezil, galantamine, and rivastigmine) that act on the cholinergic deficit, and the NMDA receptor antagonist, memantine, which has neuroprotective effects. These agents are generally considered to have marginal efficacy. As it can be logically assumed that a late therapeutic intervention would be less efficient than an early one, development of biomarkers for AD both to diagnose the disease early and to follow-up its progression, remains a major challenge. Currently, it is comprised of 6 main approaches: 1) behavioral assessment, including measurement of cognitive status using various neuropsychological scales (MMSE, ADAS-Cog, etc.) ; 2) changes in brain structure (mainly volume of the cerebral cortex, particularly entorhinal cortex and hippocampus) ; 3) alterations in brain metabolism (most notably within the default mode network) by using FDG-PET ; 4) measurement of beta-amyloid load within the brain by PIB-PET ; 5) cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarker profiles (the three main CSF biomarkers of AD being beta-amyloid, total tau, and phosphorylated forms of tau proteins) ; and 6) post-mortem confirmation of characteristic AD histopathology. In my talk I will attempt to describe new developments within each of these biomarker approaches, analyzing their pathological specificity, early diagnostic sensitivity, and correlation with AD progression. Finally, I will argue that, despite numerous publications and recommendation criteria, the predictive usefulness of these various biomarker approaches, individually or collectively, has yet to be established.

Izvorni jezik
Engleski

Znanstvena područja
Biologija, Temeljne medicinske znanosti, Kliničke medicinske znanosti

POVEZANOST RADA